Injury and recovery: Severe amnestic syndrome following traumatic brain injury

Abstract

The findings indicate that injury to the diencephalon manifests in a verbal amnesic syndrome that is anterograde in nature if localized in the region of the anterior left thalamus, but leaves a relatively intact visual memory. Furthermore, injuries to the frontal and temporal lobes and their projections to the diencephalon may be more important in the emergence and resolution of retrograde amnesia and disturbances in autobiographical recall than previously appreciated.

Two‐Dimensional Materials for High‐Energy Solid‐State Asymmetric Pseudocapacitors with High Mass Loadings

“…Over the past couple of decades, SCs have been used as active energy storage devices for many electronic applications because of their useful features, including excellent power capability, long cycle life, low production cost, and eco‐friendly nature. Yet, their lower energy storing capacity than LIBs is a major obstacle for their extensive application . Currently available SCs on the market are carbon‐based and have high power capability and excellent cycle life; however, their energy density is low because of the limited energy storing ability .…”

“…For improving the energy‐storage capacity of pseudocapacitive electrode materials, apart from high mass loading (higher than 5 mg), a well‐defined nanostructure is necessary to provide a fast charge‐transport path . High mass loading is crucial for high energy capability, whereas fast charge transport is required for a high power capability.…”

“…Yet, their lower energy storing capacity than LIBs is am ajor obstacle fort heir extensive application. [4][5][6] Currently availableS Cs on the market are carbon-based and have high power capability and excellent cycle life;h owever,t heir energy density is low because of the limited energy storing ability. [7] In literature, different approaches have been discussed for enhancing the energy-storage capacity of SCs while keeping all other features of the SCs the same.…”

“…Similarly,D ubal et al [11] prepared metal-nitride-based pseudocapacitive electrodes for asymmetric SCs with an energyd ensity of 2.54 mWh cm À3 at ac urrentd ensity of 4mAcm À2 .H owever,t he low mass loading of the active material( lesst han 1mgcm À2 )a nd the use of an electrode structure rathert han a thin-film have restricted the resultant energy density and cycling stability of SCs.A dditionally,t he conveyed values of capacitance and energy densities were obtained at al ow charge/ [ For improving the energy-storage capacity of pseudocapacitive electrode materials, apart from high mass loading (higher than 5mg), aw ell-defined nanostructure is necessary to provide af ast charge-transport path. [6,12] High mass loadingi sc rucial for high energy capability,w hereas fast charge transporti s required for ah igh power capability.H owever,ahigh mass loading of the active electrode material on the current collector leads to the formation of at hick and dense layer of active material, which adversely affects the rate kinetics, shrinkingt he energy storingc apacity of the electrode. The degradation of the electrochemical performance resultsf rom increased electrode resistance (electrical and ionic) and restricted charge transport.…”