Injury incidence and risk factors: a cohort study of 706 8-km or 16-km recreational runners

Dallinga, Joan; Rijn, Rianne van; Stubbe, Janine; Deutekom, Marije

doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2018-000489

Cited by 30 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Furthermore, there have also been some other studies that found no associations between training volume and injury risk or a high training volume was even protective for RRIs. 19,20 These conflicting findings indicate that the relation between training volume is complex and may be confounded by other factors. It has been suggested that "survival of the fittest" may be an important confounder of the relation between training volume and RRIs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training for a (half‐)marathon: Training volume and longest endurance run related to performance and running injuries

Fokkema

Damme

Fornerod

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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Objective Examine the associations of training volume and longest endurance run with (half‐)marathon performance and running‐related injuries (RRIs) in recreational runners. Materials and Methods During the preparation for and directly after the running event, 556 participants of a half marathon and 441 participants of a marathon completed three questionnaires on RRIs, average weekly training volume and the longest endurance run. With finish time, decline in pace during the running event and RRIs as dependent variables, linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to test the associations with weekly training volume and the longest endurance run. Results In half‐marathon runners, a high training volume (>32 km/wk) (β −4.19, 95% CI: −6.52;−1.85) and a long endurance run (>21 km) (β −3.87, 95% CI: −6.31;‐−1.44) were associated with a faster finish time, while a high training volume (β −1.81, 95% CI: −3.49;−0.12) and a long endurance run (β −1.89, 95% CI: −3.65;−0.12) were also related to less decline in pace. In marathon runners, a low training volume (<40 km/wk) was related to a slower finish time (β 6.33, 95% CI: 0.18;12.48) and a high training volume (>65 km/wk) to a faster finish time (β −14.09, 95% CI: −22.47;−5.72), while a longest endurance run of <25 km was associated with a slower finish time (β 13.44, 95% CI: 5.34;21.55). No associations between training characteristics and RRIs were identified. Conclusions Preparation for a (half‐)marathon with a relatively high training volume and long endurance runs associates with a faster finish time, but does not seem related to an increased injury risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Training for a (half‐)marathon: Training volume and longest endurance run related to performance and running injuries

Fokkema

Damme

Fornerod

et al. 2020

Scandinavian Med Sci Sports

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“…Recreational running has become one of the most common physical activities worldwide, and the number of running events has increased proportionally ( Breedveld et al, 2015 ; Hallmann et al, 2015 ; Dallinga et al, 2019 ; Kozlovskaia et al, 2019 ), as has the number of marathons hosted by different cities in the world ( Hulteen et al, 2017 ). The latter gather thousands of people with different levels of skill who are keen to run such a distance ( Buning and Walker, 2016 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Sex, Age, and Marital Status Influence the Motivations of Amateur Marathon Runners? The Poznan Marathon Case Study

et al. 2020

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The purpose of this research was to describe reasons for participating in a marathon and their association with marital status, age, and sex. Four hundred and ninety-three runners in total, 144 of whom were women and 349 of whom were men, completed the Polish version of the Motivations of Marathoners Scale (MOMS), containing nine dimensions, which was released through an online survey at the Poznan Marathon in Poland (2019). Athletes’ age (ranges 19–25, 26–35, 36–50, 51–70 years) and marital status (single, married, divorced) were asked of the participants. The results showed that statistical significant associations were found between athletes’ motivational aspects and athletes’ sex and age. To this end, three MOMS dimensions were statistically associated with athletes’ sex, a further three dimensions were different age-wise, and, lastly, marital status did not show differences in any of the dimensions. Moreover, statistical differences were not found in the multivariate analysis comparing marital status, sex, and age range according to MOMS. Recreational runners’ reasons for participating in a marathon are different depending on certain sociodemographic variables; therefore, these characteristics should be considered when addressing different athletes in order to provide them with the most suitable information for taking part in such events.

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“…Participation in recreational running has increased in recent years in western countries [1,2]. An example of this is participation in the Behobia-San Sebastian half marathon race, where the total number of runners has almost tripled in the past ten years [3], reaching approximately 30,000 registrations in 2018.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recreational running or jogging, in particular, is also connected to participants' health benefits [4,[8][9][10]. However, overuse injury is more highly associated with running than with any other form of aerobic exercise [11,12] especially among novice runners, a field which has been little researched [1,13]. Working along similar lines, Van Gent et al [14] took into account athletes' experience and used a multifactorial approach to this area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, sports people's injuries have not been associated with the internal and external motivations to date. In light of this, and due to the scarcity of research related to amateur athletes' psychological characteristics and injuries, and taking into account that women's participation is significantly lower at the Behobia-San Sebastian race, and the number of research is lower for women [3] differences between male and female athletes will be considered, and the following objectives were formulated for this study: (1) to examine the relationship between runners' resilience levels, internal and external motivation and incidence of injury; and (2) to evaluate the mediation role of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on the number of injuries and resilience levels of amateur runners. In line with these objectives, the first hypothesis was that the number of injuries would be negatively associated with the resilience level of athletes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The relationship of recreational runners’ motivation and resilience levels to the incidence of injury: A mediation model

2020

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Running participation has increased significantly in the last decade. Despite its association with different health-related aspects, athletes may experience adverse outcomes, including injuries. The aim of this study was twofold: to examine the relationship between runners' resilience levels, motivation and incidence of injury, on the one hand; and to analyse the mediation that intrinsic and extrinsic motivation has on the association between the number of injuries and psychological resilience levels among amateur athletes. The sample consisted of a total of 1725 runners (age: 40.40 ± 9.39 years), 1261 of whom were male (age: 43.16 ± 9.38), and 465 of whom were female (age: 40.34 ± 9.14). Athletes completed the Behavioural Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire (BREQ-3), the Resilience scale (CD-RISC 10), and an Injury retrospective survey. Three mediation models were constructed, and the results showed a significant indirect association of athletes' intrinsic motivation and resilience on the number of injuries (β = 0.022, CI = 0.007, 0.0) in mediation model 1, whereas extrinsic motivation was found to have no significant association on those variables (β =-0.062, CI =-0.137, 0.009) in mediation model 2. Model 3 showed significant differences with respect to resilience (p < 0.05) and intrinsic motivation (p < 0.05). Therefore, the mediation of intrinsic motivation on athletes' resilience levels and incidence of injury was demonstrated, i.e., it was found that intrinsic motivation was associated with a higher incidence of injury, while no such correlation was found for extrinsic motivation. This study shows that the amateur long distance runners with a high level of intrinsic motivation tend to suffer from a greater number of injuries, and at the same time psychological resilience was associated with a lower number of injuries.

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Injury incidence and risk factors: a cohort study of 706 8-km or 16-km recreational runners

Cited by 30 publications

References 32 publications

Training for a (half‐)marathon: Training volume and longest endurance run related to performance and running injuries

Training for a (half‐)marathon: Training volume and longest endurance run related to performance and running injuries

Do Sex, Age, and Marital Status Influence the Motivations of Amateur Marathon Runners? The Poznan Marathon Case Study

The relationship of recreational runners’ motivation and resilience levels to the incidence of injury: A mediation model

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