Injury mechanisms in fatal Australian quad bike incidents

McIntosh, Andrew S.; Patton, Declan A.; Rechnitzer, George; Grzebieta, Raphael

doi:10.1080/15389588.2015.1091073

Cited by 25 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Further, reliance on such approaches does not take account of the hierarchy of controls. Indeed, moving farmers of all ages but particularly those 50 years of age and above, to safer and more "fit for purpose" vehicles, will be pivotal to reducing this burden [38]. Depending on the task being undertaken, a tractor, utility, side-by-side vehicle, two-wheel motorbike or horse, could be a more appropriate choice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia

Lower

Monaghan

Rolfe

2016

Safety

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Abstract:Quads are the leading cause of fatal non-intentional injuries on Australian farms. Due to normal age-related physiological and cognitive changes, farmers 50-years of age and above are at increased risk when using quads. This study identifies a non-statistically significant increasing trend for fatal quad incidents involving this cohort in Australia. It is contended that these vehicles are not "fit-for-purpose" for many typical agricultural tasks more broadly and that the ageing process further exacerbates these risks. Encouraging and promoting the use of more "fit-for-purpose" vehicles in the agricultural sector should be the primary focus of intervention approaches. Supplementing this, other approaches that reduce risks, specifically relating to rollovers, crush/asphyxiation and head injuries must be enacted.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia

Lower

Monaghan

Rolfe

2016

Safety

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“…Hence whether the safety shall prevail in the diabetics and hypertensive by helmet usage needs to be evaluated on larger population study. 8,9 Conclusion Decreased peripheral vision, auditory reaction time and visual reaction time in hypertensive and diabetics may lead to vulnerable accident. Helmet use has proven to reduce extent of injury in motorcyclist and other two wheeler drivers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Advancement of technology have brought superior quality ergonomically designed helmets in market but many opine that the mandatory usage enforcement of helmet use is an infringement on personal rights, and moreover it has been documented that there are increased number of vehicular accidents due to low visibility and masking of auditory sound. 8,9 Our concern is regarding the efficacy of helmet use and prevalence of accidental rates in hypertensive and diabetic with and without helmet use. Hence, we have decided to proceed with larger population study for analysis of field of vision, reaction time analysis, cognition status and accident prevalence rate in diabetics and hypertensive helmet users and non users.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypertensive and diabetic male and females reported of marginal decrease in field of vision in lateral and inferior visual fields as compared to control while the auditory and visual reaction time (Red and Green Colour) was increased in male and female hypertensive and diabetics while the delay was further prolonged in females hypertensive and diabetics as compared to male hypertension and diabetics. Hypertensive and diabetics are known to develop cognitive dysfunctions and autonomic neuropathy [6][7][8][9] . The clouding thought process, along with reduce field of vision and delayed auditory and visual reaction time may pose threat of serious accidents while driving.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Auditory and visual reaction time and peripheral field of vision in helmet users

Adhilakshmi

Karthiga

John

2016

J Bangladesh Soc Physiol

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Background: The incidence of fatal accidents are more in two wheeler drivers compared to four wheeler drivers. Head injury is of serious concern when recovery and prognosis of the patients are warranted, helmets are being used for safety purposes by moped, scooters and motorcycle drivers. Although, helmets are designed with cushioning effect to prevent head injuries but there are evidences of increase risk of neck injuries and reduced peripheral vision and hearing in helmet users. A complete full coverage helmets provide about less than 3 percent restrictions in horizontal peripheral visual field compared to rider without helmet. The standard company patented ergonomically designed helmets which does not affect the peripheral vision neither auditory reaction time. Objective: This pilot study aimed to evaluate the peripheral field of vision and auditory and visual reaction time in a hypertensive, diabetic and healthy male and female in order to have a better insight of protective characteristics of helmet in health and disease. Method: This pilot study carried out on age matched male of one healthy, one hypertensive and one diabetic and female subject of one healthy, one hypertensive and one diabetics. The field of vision was assessed by Lister's perimeter whereas auditory and visual reaction time was recorded with response analyser. Result : Gender difference was not noted in peripheral field of vision but mild difference was found in auditory reaction time for high frequency and visual reaction time for both red and green colour in healthy control. But lateral and downward peripheral visual field was found reduced whereas auditory and visual reaction time was found increased in both hypertensive and diabetic subject in both sexes. Conclusion: Peripheral vision, auditory reaction time and visual reaction time in hypertensive and diabetics may lead to vulnerable accident. Helmet use has proven to reduce extent of injury in motorcyclist and other two wheeler drivers.

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“…The majority of those injured and killed while riding ATVs are male [11,14,18,19]. The age group that has the highest ATV usage is those between the ages of 16 and 40.…”

Section: Crash and Injury Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on All Terrain Vehicle Safety

Fawcett

Tsang

Taheri

et al. 2016

Safety

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All-terrain vehicles (ATVs) have become increasing popular in many countries around the world, both for occupational use, as well as recreational use. With an increase in popularity, and the supply of heavier and more powerful machines on the market, major traumas and deaths from ATV use are growing concerns for public health and injury prevention professionals. This review of the literature on ATVs will focus on the mechanism and patterns of ATV-related injuries, the challenges of injury prevention, and the effects of legislation and regulations regarding ATV usage. The increasing burden of injuries and the substantial economic cost from ATV-related traumas and deaths calls for intensification of injury prevention efforts. Modification of risk factors, institution of regulations and legislation, and enforcement of those rules are important steps for prevention of ATV-related harm.

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Injury mechanisms in fatal Australian quad bike incidents

Cited by 25 publications

References 22 publications

Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia

Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia

Auditory and visual reaction time and peripheral field of vision in helmet users

A Review on All Terrain Vehicle Safety

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