“…Despite the pressing safety challenge brought by motorcycles, a limited number of studies have specifically focused on China’s motorcyclist-related safety issues [ 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 ]. Existing research concerning motorcyclist injuries are mostly derived from the developed regions [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ]. The causal relationship between injury outcomes of motorcycle crashes and potential risk factors in China remains unknown.…”