Injury severity related to overturn characteristics of tractors

Myers, Melvin L.; Cole, Henry P.; Westneat, Susan

doi:10.1016/j.jsr.2009.02.007

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…in Refs. [12][13][14][15][16]. Also the involvement of both users and equipment providers of agriculture machinery is important to properly analyse risk factors and the effectiveness on preventive and protective measures adopted, since it is recognized that most of occupational accidents are caused by unsafe conditions and unsafe behaviours [14,[17][18][19][20][21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

Lombardi¹,

Fargnoli²

2018

Int. J. SAFE

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Despite the evolution of regulations in the field of occupational health and safety promoted in EU countries, the number of accidents and victims has not significantly decreased in recent years, especially in constructions and agriculture sectors, as underlined by official reports of the Italian Workers' Compensation Authority. Main reasons of such a situation are due to the characteristics of working activities in these sectors. The variety of operations, the frequent exchange of tasks among workers within the same company, the continuous change of workplaces, the frequent exchange of workers for the same activity (e.g. seasonal workers), and the workers' stress caused by seasonal jobs. For these reasons both risk assessment and safety management activities result in being more difficult than in other working sectors. Thus, it is important to provide methodologies and tools that allow companies to carry out these tasks more effectively. In such a context, the study proposed by Esra Bas in 2014 certainly represents an attempt to provide a supporting methodology for engineers engaged in risk assessment activities. This approach consists in the use of the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) method, and it is aimed at evaluating how specific tasks can be in relationship with specific hazards, which in turn are related to specific events, and finally at defining what preventive/protective measures can be introduced against those events. Based on this, we tried to further investigate such an approach, with the goal of providing an easier-to-use tool, which can be used in risk assessment activities of critical contexts as the agriculture one. With this aim in mind, a case study concerning the risk assessment of an agricultural machinery was carried out. Keywords: agricultural equipment, house of quality, machinery safety, occupational safety, quality function deployment, risk assessment 1 INTRODUCTION In last decades, regulations concerning occupational health and safety, as well as machinery safety have become more and more severe. Despite this, in most of EU countries the number of accidents and victims has not significantly decreased [1,2]. Similarly, also in other developed countries such a phenomenon is perceived [3][4][5][6]. In particular, considering the Italian context, the occurrence of serious injuries and fatalities is very critical in the agriculture activities, where the compliance with new safety requirements results in being more difficult, due to the specific characteristics of the sector [7]. Actually, it has to be underlined that difficulties related with the implementation of safety measures are numerous, in particular for small and medium sized companies (SMEs), which can hardly afford additional costs for the compliance with safety requirements. SMEs represent more than the 80% of enterprises operating in the agricultural sector in Italy, and most of them are family-owned companies. Moreover, the number of part-time workers is also consistent.Most of serious accidents in this sector occur w...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

Lombardi¹,

Fargnoli²

2018

Int. J. SAFE

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“…If they are used (a) without the right safety equipment as Roll Over Protective Structures (ROPS), seat belts, helmets, crush proof walls of cabs, (b) without a correct evaluation of operational risks (mechanical peculiarities of the vehicle, unstable terrain, towing an excessive load, driving on sloping and irregular or slippery ground where there is a low coefficient of traction) or (c) when the overturn angle is exceeded, they may overturn and throw the occupant(s) onto the ground and crush them [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Directives of the European Community and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) are constantly striving to improve the technical manufacturing parameters and research procedures to analyze the ability of vehicles to withstand impacts and crushing and to devise new regulations which aim to prevent overturning, to guarantee the solidity of cabins and to preserve the DLV: types approvals refer to each category of tractor and involve specific variants as the number of powered axles, steered axles, and braked axles, ROPS and preservation of the DLV [7,10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of the Cause-Effect Relation between Tractor Overturns and Traumatic Lesions Suffered by Drivers and Passengers: A Crucial Step in the Reconstruction of Accident Dynamics and the Improvement of Prevention

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The evaluation of the dynamics of accidents involving the overturning of farm tractors is difficult for both engineers and coroners. A clear reconstruction of the causes, vectorial forces, speed, acceleration, timing and direction of rear, front and side rollovers may be complicated by the complexity of the lesions, the absence of witnesses and the death of the operator, and sometimes also by multiple overturns. Careful analysis of the death scene, vehicle, traumatic lesions and their comparison with the mechanical structures of the vehicle and the morphology of the terrain, should help experts to reconstruct the dynamics of accidents and may help in the design of new preventive equipment and procedures.

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“…Tractors are among the highest causes of fatal accidents [1] and the most severe accidents are caused while the machine is operating in the field [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Trailer Frame Structure on Driver’s Safety during Log Transportation

Manzone

Calvo

2017

Forests

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Abstract:The frame structure of the trailer may influence both the traction and the tractor-trailer stability, especially along sloped paths. The aim of this research was to analyze a trailer overturning and the strains on the connected tractors (wheeled, or crawled) during log transportation (loose or tied) along a hillside. Two two-axle trailers were used: tandem and turntable steering. Three types of measurements were carried out during the field tests: (i) the detachment from the ground of the rear upstream wheels (or crawler); (ii) the transversal and longitudinal strains occurring when the trailer overturned (and released the hooking system of the tractor); (iii) the lateral deviation of the rear wheels (or crawler) of the tractor. The study highlighted that the two-axle trailer with turntable steering combined with the crawl tractor gave better results in terms of safety during trailer overturning. In addition, independent of the type of trailer, a tied load was found to be more dangerous than a load restrained only by steel struts, because when overturning, the load forms a single unit with the trailer mass which increases the strains.

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Injury severity related to overturn characteristics of tractors

Cited by 32 publications

References 12 publications

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

Prioritization of hazards by means of a QFD- based procedure

The Analysis of the Cause-Effect Relation between Tractor Overturns and Traumatic Lesions Suffered by Drivers and Passengers: A Crucial Step in the Reconstruction of Accident Dynamics and the Improvement of Prevention

Incidence of Trailer Frame Structure on Driver’s Safety during Log Transportation

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