Injury severity: Role of alcohol, substance use and risk‐taking

Watt, Kerrianne; Purdie, David M.; Roche, Ann; McClure, Roderick John

doi:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2006.00817.x

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…For example, findings have been mixed in terms of recall of one’s drinking the previous week (35, 36), and potential bias may also arise from the context of drinking in the injury event compared to the previous week (37, 38). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative risk of injury from acute alcohol consumption: modeling the dose–response relationship in emergency department data from 18 countries

Cherpitel

Bond

et al. 2014

Addiction

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Aims Update and extend analysis of the dose-response relationship of injury and drinking by demographic and injury subgroups and country-level drinking pattern, and examine the validity and efficiency of the fractional polynomial approach to modeling this relationship. Design Pair-matched case-crossover analysis of drinking prior to injury, using categorical step-function and fractional polynomial analysis. Setting 37 emergency departments (EDs) across 18 countries. Participants 13,119 injured drinkers arriving at the ED within six hours of the event Measurements The dose-response relationship was analyzed by gender, age, cause of injury (traffic, violence, fall, other), and country detrimental drinking pattern (DDP). Findings Estimated risks were similar between the two analytic methods, with injury risk doubling at one drink (OR = 2.3 – 2.7) and peaking at about 30 drinks. Although risk was similar for males and females up to three drinks (OR = 4.6), it appeared to increase more rapidly for females and was significantly higher starting from 20 drinks (female OR = 28.6; CI (16.8, 48.9); male OR = 12.8; CI (10.1, 16.3)). No significant differences were found across age groups. Risk was significantly higher for violence-related injury than for other causes across the volume range. Risk was also higher at all volumes for DDP-3 compared to DDP-2 countries Conclusions An increasing risk relationship was found between alcohol and injury, but risk was not uniform across gender, cause of injury, or country drinking pattern. The fractional polynomial approach was found to be a valid and efficient approach for modeling the alcohol-injury risk relationship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relative risk of injury from acute alcohol consumption: modeling the dose–response relationship in emergency department data from 18 countries

Cherpitel

Bond

et al. 2014

Addiction

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“…. The relationship between substance use and physical injury has been well established (Ramstedt and Hope, 2005;Hope et al, 2005;Watt et al, 2006) with studies to suggest that up to 50% of hospital admissions may be directly associated with substance use related problems (Cape et al, 2006). The potential side effects of substances such as amphetamines and cocaine on users involved in accidents and trauma can significantly increase the risk of mortality and co-morbidity (Brotto and Lee, 2007).…”

Section: Introduction/backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

A descriptive study on emergency department doctors’ and nurses’ knowledge and attitudes concerning substance use and substance users

Kelleher

Cotter

2009

International Emergency Nursing

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“…two studies (Li et al 1997;Johnston & McGovern 2004) reported that injury • severity increased proportionate to BAC a case-control study (Watt et al 2006) found that patients who drank • alcohol above 'low-risk' levels or who drank beer in the six hours before being injured were significantly more likely to sustain serious rather than minor injuries in contrast, analysis of a state trauma database (Porter 2000) found no • significant association between BAC and fatal injuries, and a trend towards decreased injury severity with the presence of alcohol.…”

Section: Injury Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

et al. 2014

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Objective: To determine the proportion of alcohol‐related presentations to emergency departments (EDs) in Australia and New Zealand, at a single time point on a weekend night shift. Design, setting and participants: A point prevalence survey of ED patients either waiting to be seen or currently being seen conducted at 02:00 local time on 14 December 2013 in 106 EDs in Australia and New Zealand. Main outcome measures: The number of ED presentations that were alcohol‐related, defined using World Health Organization ICD‐10 codes. Results: At the 106 hospitals (92 Australia, 14 New Zealand) that provided data, 395 (14.3%; 95% CI, 13.0%–15.6%) of 2766 patients in EDs at the study time were presenting for alcohol‐related reasons; 13.8% (95% CI, 12.5%–15.2%) in Australia and 17.9% (95% CI, 13.9%–22.8%) in New Zealand. The distribution was skewed left, with proportions ranging from 0 to 50% and a median of 12.5%. Nine Australian hospitals and one New Zealand hospital reported that more than a third of their ED patients had alcohol‐related presentations; the Northern Territory (38.1%) and Western Australia (21.1%) reported the highest proportions of alcohol‐related presentations. Conclusions: One in seven ED presentations in Australian and New Zealand at this 02:00 snapshot were alcohol‐related, with some EDs seeing more than one in three alcohol‐related presentations. This confirms that alcohol‐related presentations to EDs are currently underreported and makes a strong case for public health initiatives.

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Injury severity: Role of alcohol, substance use and risk‐taking

Cited by 28 publications

References 42 publications

Relative risk of injury from acute alcohol consumption: modeling the dose–response relationship in emergency department data from 18 countries

Relative risk of injury from acute alcohol consumption: modeling the dose–response relationship in emergency department data from 18 countries

A descriptive study on emergency department doctors’ and nurses’ knowledge and attitudes concerning substance use and substance users

Survey of alcohol-related presentations to Australasian emergency departments

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