Inkjet-printed paper-based electrochemical sensor with gold nano-ink for detection of glucose in blood serum

Kant, Tushar; Shrivas, Kamlesh; Tapadia, Kavita; Devi, Rama; Ganesan, Vellaichamy; Deb, Manas Kanti

doi:10.1039/d1nj00771h

Cited by 33 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Inkjet printing technology, being drop-on-demand, is a suitable alternative for the fabrication of paper-based electrodes using ecofriendly nanomaterial inks in electrochemical glucose-sensing applications. Recently, an electrochemical, non-enzymatic glucose biosensor was reported, with starch-capped gold nanoparticle (AuNPs) ink inkjet printed on paper substrates to produce paper-based electrodes [210]. The enzyme-free paper-based working electrode was exploited for the analysis of glucose in human blood serum.…”

Section: Non-enzymatic Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inkjet Printing: A Viable Technology for Biosensor Fabrication

2022

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Printing technology promises a viable solution for the low-cost, rapid, flexible, and mass fabrication of biosensors. Among the vast number of printing techniques, screen printing and inkjet printing have been widely adopted for the fabrication of biosensors. Screen printing provides ease of operation and rapid processing; however, it is bound by the effects of viscous inks, high material waste, and the requirement for masks, to name a few. Inkjet printing, on the other hand, is well suited for mass fabrication that takes advantage of computer-aided design software for pattern modifications. Furthermore, being drop-on-demand, it prevents precious material waste and offers high-resolution patterning. To exploit the features of inkjet printing technology, scientists have been keen to use it for the development of biosensors since 1988. A vast number of fully and partially inkjet-printed biosensors have been developed ever since. This study presents a short introduction on the printing technology used for biosensor fabrication in general, and a brief review of the recent reports related to virus, enzymatic, and non-enzymatic biosensor fabrication, via inkjet printing technology in particular.

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Section: Non-enzymatic Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Screen printing technology is more widely adopted in biosensor fabrication [212]. However, the biggest disadvantage of screen printing is its subtractive nature, which results in a large amount of precious ink wastage [210]. This, in return, is both costly and environmentally dangerous.…”

Section: Inkjet Printing Technology and The Market Competitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inkjet Printing: A Viable Technology for Biosensor Fabrication

2022

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“…[51] Several techniques have been used to overcome this challenge, however even the most recent works still do not deeply analyze the effects of the pretreatment of the substrate and how those treatments affects the performance of the sensor in comparison with the substrate, e.g., electrochemical active area. [52][53][54][55] The motivation of this work is to understand the interfacial and micro/nanostructural morphology of several substrate treatment strategies, and study the relationship between these treatments and the development and performance of a full inkjet-printed sensor on a flexible and porous paper substrate, thereby obtaining different low-cost technical solutions for the sensor development. All the proposed strategies can be considered as valuable alternatives and efficient fabrication methods using available commercial papers and inks that can be easily printed and sintered at low temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliable Paper Surface Treatments for the Development of Inkjet‐Printed Electrochemical Sensors

Zea

Moya

Villa

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Inter

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Inkjet printing (IJP) technology allows the digital deposition of functional materials in microscale dimensions on a wide range of substrates, simplifying iterative design changes during the initial development stages. It is a noncontact approach that allows the mask-less deposition of materials owing to the precise control of picoliter volumes and a reduction in the overall time and cost of fabrication. Furthermore, IJP permits customized geometries and is compatible with low temperature processes. [5] Although screen-printed sensors are nowadays the most reported ones, [3] recent advances have demonstrated that inkjet-printed and paper-based electrochemical sensors provide a reliable solution for many applications. [4,6] Paper has emerged as a strong competitive substrate for diagnostic devices due to its attractive properties, including flexibility and conformability, hydrophilicity and high mechanical strength. [7][8][9][10] These excellent characteristics give paper excellent performance properties in the fabrication of paper-based devices. In addition, it is environmentally friendly, reusable/recyclable, biodegradable and biocompatible. [9,[11][12][13] For these reasons, paper-based sensors are increasingly gaining attention due to the global trend and commitment to "green electronics." Accordingly, this paper presents a flexible, disposable, and low-cost solution to develop sensors by IJP technology.Paper-based analytical devices (PADs) are in the spotlight for the development of flexible, disposable, and simpler devices taking advantage of their microfluidic properties. [14][15][16] PADs typically include an arrangement of hydrophilic/hydrophobic microstructures patterned in the paper using techniques such as wax printing, photolithography or chemical vapor-phase deposition among others. [17] In 2009, Dungchai et al. [18] demonstrated how the combination of PADs with an electrochemical sensor (ePAD) led to more reliable measurements than single microelectrode detection or colorimetric PAD sensors. [19] Electrochemical detection is an attractive alternative detection scheme for paper-based microfluidics due to its small size, portability, low cost, high sensitivity, and high selectivity by proper choice of detection potential and/or electrode material. [20] Therefore, electrochemical detection is widely used in analytical measurements ranging from clinical diagnostics to environmental biosensing. [21][22][23][24][25] To date, different strategies have been used to integrate electrodes on paper substrate. [26][27][28][29] In 2007, Whitesides' group introduced wax-based electrochemical paper-based devices. [30] The need for disposable, simpler, and accurate paper-based analytical devices represents an open research field that is focused on simpler fabrication methods. To achieve this, four feasible methodologies are proposed for the direct printing of an electrochemical sensor on a biodegradable paper substrate using commercial gold and silver inks, which are compatible with inkjet printing technology. Four ...

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“…While screen-printing is the simplest and most employed method, inkjet printing has been suggested as a suitable alternative [30][31][32]. Owing to these benefits, electrochemical sensors [33][34][35][36][37][38] and energy devices [39][40][41][42][43] have recently been reported based on inkjet printing. Inkjetprinted paper electrodes have previously been studied by our research group where a graphene, gold nanoparticle composite was studied in the presence of a mercury film for Nickel detection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nickel contamination analysis at cost-effective silver printed paper-based electrodes based on carbon black dimethylglyoxime ink as electrode modifier

Pokpas

Jahed

Bezuidenhout

et al. 2022

J. Electrochem. Sci. Eng.

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Electrochemical detection of metal cations at paper-based sensors has been suggested as an attractive alternative to current spectroscopic and chromatographic detection techniques due to the ease of fabrication, disposable nature, and low cost. Herein, a novel carbon black (CB), dimethylglyoxime (DMG) ink is designed as an electrode modifier in conjunction with 3-electrode inkjet-printed paper substrates for use in the adsorptive stripping voltammetric electroanalysis of nickel cations in water samples. The developed method provides a novel, low-cost, rapid, and portable adsorptive stripping detection approach towards metal analysis in the absence of the commonly used toxic metallic films. The study demonstrated a novel approach to nickel detection at paper-based sensors and builds on previous work in the field of paper-based metal analysis by limiting the use of toxic metal films. The device sensitivity is improved by increasing the active surface area, electron transfer kinetics, and catalytic effects associated with non-conductive dimethylglyoxime films through CB nanoparticles for the first time and confirmed by electroanalysis. The first use of the CB-DMG ink allows for the selective preconcentration of analyte at the electrode surface without the use of toxic Mercury or Bismuth metallic films. Compared to similarly reported paper-based sensors, improved limits of detection (48 µg L-1), selectivity, and intermetallic interferences were achieved. The method was applied to the detection of nickel in water samples well below World Health Organization (WHO) standards.

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Inkjet-printed paper-based electrochemical sensor with gold nano-ink for detection of glucose in blood serum

Abstract: An inkjet-printed paper electrode with gold nanoparticle-ink as a non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for detection of glucose in blood serum is reported.

Cited by 33 publications

References 44 publications

Inkjet Printing: A Viable Technology for Biosensor Fabrication

Inkjet Printing: A Viable Technology for Biosensor Fabrication

Reliable Paper Surface Treatments for the Development of Inkjet‐Printed Electrochemical Sensors

Nickel contamination analysis at cost-effective silver printed paper-based electrodes based on carbon black dimethylglyoxime ink as electrode modifier

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