Inline monitoring of basalt-based composites under impact tests

Boccardi, Simone; Boffa, Natalino Daniele; Carlomagno, Giovanni Maria; Core, Giuseppe Del; Meola, Carosena; Russo, Pietro; Simeoli, Giorgio

doi:10.1016/j.compstruct.2018.11.038

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Impact tests are carried out with a modified Charpy pendulum with a hemispherical shaped hammer nose, 12.7 mm in diameter. Each specimen is placed inside a special fixture which includes two large plates, each having a window 12.5 cm × 7.5 cm to allow for the contact with the hammer from one side and likely optical view by an infrared imaging device from the other one [7]. The impact energy varied between 5 and 15 J and is set by suitably adjusting the falling height of the Charpy arm.…”

Section: Impact Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lock-In Thermography and Ultrasonic Testing of Impacted Basalt Fibers Reinforced Thermoplastic Matrix Composites

et al. 2019

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Basalt fibers are receiving increasing consideration because they seem to be adequate as reinforcement of composites and to comply with the environmental safeguard rules. However, many factors affect the performance of composite material, demanding specific testing; one may be performance assessment under impact tests. The attention of the present work is focused on the detection of impact damage in basalt-based composites with two non-destructive testing techniques: lock-in thermography (LT) and ultrasonic testing (UT). Two different types of materials are considered which both include basalt fibers as reinforcement but two different matrices: Polyamide and polypropylene. Polypropylene is used either pure or modified with the addition of a coupling agent; the latter improves the fiber/matrix interface strength, giving in practice, a material of different characteristics. Specimens are first subjected to low-velocity impact tests and then non-destructively examined with the two above mentioned techniques. The obtained results are analyzed and compared to highlight the advantages and limitations of the two techniques to detect impact damage in basalt-based composites. Both techniques seem effective for the inspection of polyamide/basalt composite; in particular, there is a general agreement between results. Conversely, UT seems not suitable for the inspection of polypropylene/basalt composites because of their superficial porosity, while lock-in thermography is effective also for this type of composite material.

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Section: Impact Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lock-In Thermography and Ultrasonic Testing of Impacted Basalt Fibers Reinforced Thermoplastic Matrix Composites

et al. 2019

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“…Las fibras de basalto, debido a su composición, proporcionan alta rigidez al compuesto, pero, en contraste, los compuestos de basalto no pueden soportar grandes deformaciones [34]. Analizando los paneles compuestos con el mismo número de fibras de basalto y lino (BLSLB y LBSBL), puede verse que la distribución de las fibras no afecta la energía al impacto (ver Figura 2), con valores de energía absorbida de 55-56 kJ/m 2 , que están en concordancia con los resultados reportados por Fiore et al [35].…”

Section: Figuraunclassified

Manufacturing of composite materials with high environmental efficiency using epoxy resin of renewable origin and permeable light cores for vacuum-assisted infusion molding

Lascano

Valcárcel

Balart

et al. 2019

ings

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This work focuses on the manufacturing and characterization of novel and lightweight hybrid sandwich-type structures, using different stacking sequences of flax and basalt fabrics as reinforcement fibers, both of them previously silanized. To reduce the overall weight and facilitate the manufacturing process, a polyester non-woven core, was used which, besides reducing the weight of the composite it also acts as a media to spread the resin. These composites were manufactured with a partially bio-based epoxy resin with a reactive diluent derived from epoxidized vegetable oils that contributes to a 31 % of biobased content. The hybrid composites were obtained by vacuum-assisted resin infusion moulding (VARIM), where the core was used as a media to spread the resin. The mechanical properties were evaluated in flexural and impact conditions. The interactions in the fiber-matrix interface were studied through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The obtained data revealed that the silane (coupling agent) treatment works better on basalt fibers than on flax fibers, resulting in superior flexural properties on structures where these fibers are present. It is noteworthy to mention that the stacking sequence of plies directly influences the flexural properties, but it does not significantly affect the energy absorbed when these composites work on impact conditions.

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“…25 Stitching reinforcement and Z-pin reinforcement have reduced in-plane properties of the laminates, which could introduce defects, and also have the disadvantages of difficult implantation of Z-pin/stitching on thermoplastic composites. [26][27][28][29] Fiber veil reinforcement has been shown to have a positive impact on the out-of-face mechanical properties of laminates, such as reduced impact damage and increased service life. [30][31][32][33] Zhang et al 34 used a fiber veil to reinforce magnesium-based composite laminates, resulting in the effective reinforcement of flexural strength and impact resistance of the composite laminates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 3D weaving would result in material waste and currently requires resin transfer molding (RTM), which has a high cost 25 . Stitching reinforcement and Z‐pin reinforcement have reduced in‐plane properties of the laminates, which could introduce defects, and also have the disadvantages of difficult implantation of Z‐pin/stitching on thermoplastic composites 26–29 . Fiber veil reinforcement has been shown to have a positive impact on the out‐of‐face mechanical properties of laminates, such as reduced impact damage and increased service life 30–33 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of interlaminar basalt fiber veil reinforcement on mode I fracture toughness of basalt fiber composites

Zhao,

Li,

Wang

et al. 2024

Polymer Composites

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Composite structures are vulnerable to delamination under out‐of‐plane loading due to the absence of reinforcing fibers in the thickness direction. This paper introduced the interlaminar basalt fiber veil technique to improve the interlaminar fracture toughness of basalt fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic composite laminates. The reinforcement effect of the basalt fiber veil on GIC of composite laminates was investigated by a double cantilever beam (DCB) test. The toughening effect, damage morphology, and the basalt fiber veil toughening mechanism were analyzed by mechanical response, optical photos, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It was found that the basalt fiber veil could significantly inhibit the propagation of interlaminar cracks. Compared to the unreinforced specimen, the maximum load of basalt fiber veil‐reinforced laminate was increased by 73%, the average platform load was increased by 72.7% and the GIC was increased by 157%.Highlights Improvement of GIC of basalt fiber‐reinforced thermoplastic laminates by basalt fiber veil. The toughening mechanism for the basalt fiber veil. The GIC of the fiber veil‐reinforced laminate was 157% higher than the unreinforced laminate.

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Inline monitoring of basalt-based composites under impact tests

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Lock-In Thermography and Ultrasonic Testing of Impacted Basalt Fibers Reinforced Thermoplastic Matrix Composites

Lock-In Thermography and Ultrasonic Testing of Impacted Basalt Fibers Reinforced Thermoplastic Matrix Composites

Manufacturing of composite materials with high environmental efficiency using epoxy resin of renewable origin and permeable light cores for vacuum-assisted infusion molding

Effect of interlaminar basalt fiber veil reinforcement on mode I fracture toughness of basalt fiber composites

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