Innate and Environmental Dispersal of Individual Vertebrates

Howard, Walter E.

doi:10.2307/2422936

Cited by 421 publications

(238 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…One of the primary objectives of dispersal is to find a mate and reproduce (Howard 1960;Lidicker 1975). Two of the dispersing coyotes were successful in integrating into another pack.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and nutritional factors influencing the dispersal of resident coyotes

1996

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“…One of the primary objectives of dispersal is to find a mate and reproduce (Howard 1960;Lidicker 1975). Two of the dispersing coyotes were successful in integrating into another pack.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social and nutritional factors influencing the dispersal of resident coyotes

1996

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“…For most species and most dispersing individuals, dispersal takes place before first reproduction and is termed natal dispersal (Howard 1960). Natal dispersal is usually the single largest (and often only) long-distance movement made by individual animals (Dice and Howard 1951) and is generally accepted as the major agent of gene flow among populations (Wiklund 1996).…”

Section: Dispersal Distances For Closely Related Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scaling of Natal Dispersal Distances in Terrestrial Birds and Mammals

Sutherland¹,

Harestad²,

Price³

et al. 2000

491

459

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ABSTRACT. Natal dispersal is a process that is critical in the spatial dynamics of populations, including population spread, recolonization, and gene flow. It is a central focus of conservation issues for many vertebrate species. Using data for 77 bird and 68 mammal species, we tested whether median and maximum natal dispersal distances were correlated with body mass, diet type, social system, taxonomic family, and migratory status. Body mass and diet type were found to predict both median and maximum natal dispersal distances in mammals: large species dispersed farther than small ones, and carnivorous species dispersed farther than herbivores and omnivores. Similar relationships occurred for carnivorous bird species, but not for herbivorous or omnivorous ones. Natal dispersal distances in birds or mammals were not significantly related to broad categories of social systems. Only in birds were factors such as taxonomic relatedness and migratory status correlated with natal dispersal, and then only for maximum distances. Summary properties of dispersal processes appeared to be derived from interactions among behavioral and morphological characteristics of species and from their linkages to the dynamics of resource availability in landscapes.In all the species we examined, most dispersers moved relatively short distances, and long-distance dispersal was uncommon. On the basis of these findings, we fit an empirical model based on the negative exponential distribution for calculating minimum probabilities that animals disperse particular distances from their natal areas. This model, coupled with knowledge of a species' body mass and diet type, can be used to conservatively predict dispersal distances for different species and examine possible consequences of large-scale habitat alterations on connectedness between populations. Taken together, our results can provide managers with the means to identify species vulnerable to landscape-level habitat changes such as forest fragmentation. In addition, our dispersal models can be used to predict which species in a community are likely to be the most vulnerable to loss of connectedness and allow managers to test the merits of alternative habitat conservation plans.

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“…Natal dispersal, defined as the net movement between the natal area and the site of first breeding [1], is a fundamental life-history trait and a complex phenomenon influenced by multiple factors [2][3][4]. Natal dispersal has important consequences at the individual level for survival and reproduction over the lifetime [5,6], and at the population level for gene flow, spatially structured population dynamics and invasion capability [2][3][4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The link between behavioural type and natal dispersal propensity reveals a dispersal syndrome in a large herbivore

et al. 2014

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When individuals disperse, they modify the physical and social composition of their reproductive environment, potentially impacting their fitness. The choice an individual makes between dispersal and philopatry is thus critical, hence a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the decision to leave the natal area is crucial. We explored how combinations of behavioural (exploration, mobility, activity and stress response) and morphological (body mass) traits measured prior to dispersal were linked to the subsequent dispersal decision in 77 roe deer Capreolus capreolus fawns. Using an unusually detailed multi-trait approach, we identified two independent behavioural continuums related to dispersal. First, a continuum of energetic expenditure contrasted individuals of low mobility, low variability in head activity and low body temperature with those that displayed opposite traits. Second, a continuum of neophobia contrasted individuals that explored more prior to dispersal and were more tolerant of capture with those that displayed opposite traits. While accounting for possible confounding effects of condition-dependence (body mass), we showed that future dispersers were less neophobic and had higher energetic budgets than future philopatric individuals, providing strong support for a dispersal syndrome in this species.

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Innate and Environmental Dispersal of Individual Vertebrates

Cited by 421 publications

References 14 publications

Social and nutritional factors influencing the dispersal of resident coyotes

Social and nutritional factors influencing the dispersal of resident coyotes

Scaling of Natal Dispersal Distances in Terrestrial Birds and Mammals

The link between behavioural type and natal dispersal propensity reveals a dispersal syndrome in a large herbivore

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