Inner Retinal Microvasculature Damage Correlates With Outer Retinal Disruption During Remission in Behçet's Posterior Uveitis by Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Abstract

BD Patients in remission had significant changes in the inner retinal vasculature that corresponded to the outer retinal disruption. Quantitative measurement by OCTA and algorithm might be useful for evaluation of the vasculature and pathologic changes in BD.

Deep Retinal Capillary Plexus Decreasing Correlated With the Outer Retinal Layer Alteration and Visual Acuity Impairment in Pathological Myopia

“…Details about the software were reported in a previous paper. 9 Bennett's formula was also used to correct the magnification of OCT B-scan images based on the AL. Following magnification correction, another custom-developed software was used to quantify the outer retinal sublayer thicknesses and the choroidal thickness in the macular region with a diameter of 2.5 mm that included (1) the OPL, (2) the Henle fiber layer and outer nuclear layer (HFL + ONL), (3) the myoid and ellipsoid zone (MEZ), (4) the outer segment of photoreceptors (OS), (5) the interdigitation zone and retinal pigment epithelium/Bruch complex (IZ + RPE), and (6) the choroid (Fig.…”

“…Previously, we developed custom algorithms that automatically identify the thickness of outer retinal structures and the density of the retinal microvasculature in optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) images. 8,9 In the current study, we evaluated changes in the outer retinal sublayer thicknesses imaged by OCT and alterations of the inner retinal microvascular density imaged by OCTA in simple high myopia and pathological myopia. We also assessed the associations of these changes with visual impairment.…”

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) as a new diagnostic tool in uveitis

“…In Behçet’s retinal vasculitis, OCTA revealed that the DCP is more affected than the superficial layer, as shown in an analytic cross-sectional study including 37 eyes [46]. This was confirmed by a study group, which tested an algorithm for OCTA by mapping the perifoveal region with two concentric circles, using diameters of 1 and 3 mm; furthermore, these circles were divided into superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal regions and categorized into DCP and SCP, the latter being additionally divided into small and capillary vessels [47]. They revealed that hypoperfusion, mainly in the inferior macular region, is most affected, with the DCP being more affected than the SCP in patients with Behçet’s disease [47].…”

“…Vascular involvement has also been described, including retinal hemorrhages, retinal vascular sheathing, retinal vascular leakage on FA, and, rarely, mostly in patients of advanced age with diabetes, occlusive retinal vasculitis. Of the latter form, one case report, already mentioned above, has been published, and the authors claimed the superiority of OCTA to FA for detecting ischemic retinal capillary changes, allowing a differentiation between involvement of the SCP and the DCP, with the latter one being more involved, as also described earlier in the case of BSR and Behçet’s uveitis [45–47]. While during follow-up, funduscopic lesions diminished, retinal capillary nonperfusion on OCTA persisted [45].…”

“…This was confirmed by a study group, which tested an algorithm for OCTA by mapping the perifoveal region with two concentric circles, using diameters of 1 and 3 mm; furthermore, these circles were divided into superior, inferior, temporal, and nasal regions and categorized into DCP and SCP, the latter being additionally divided into small and capillary vessels [47]. They revealed that hypoperfusion, mainly in the inferior macular region, is most affected, with the DCP being more affected than the SCP in patients with Behçet’s disease [47]. The finding of low capillary vessel density with DCP being more affected was affirmed by a very recent study evaluating 32 eyes of patients compared to 30 healthy eyes [48].…”