Inner zone electron peaks observed by the “active” satellite

Kudela, K.; Matisin, J.; Shuiskaya, F.K.; Akentieva, O. S.; Romantsova, T. V.; Venkatesan, D.

doi:10.1029/92ja00100

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…If so, electrons of the RB will suffer E x B drift toward the Earth. During quiet times, the energy spectrum of the trapped electron population at L ~ 1.23–1.34 has a local peak at 30 keV [e.g., Kudela et al ., ]. During magnetic storms, these electrons suffer E x B drift toward Earth that results in the largest flux enhancements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TEC evidence for near‐equatorial energy deposition by 30 keV electrons in the topside ionosphere

et al. 2013

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[1] Observations of energetic electrons (10 -300 keV) by NOAA/POES and DMSP satellites at heights <1000 km during the period from 1999 to 2010 allowed finding abnormal intense fluxes of~10 6 -10 7 cm À2 s À1 sr À1 for quasi-trapped electrons appearing within the forbidden zone of low latitudes over the African, Indo-China, and Pacific regions. Extreme fluxes appeared often in the early morning and persisted for several hours during the maximum and recovery phase of geomagnetic storms. We analyzed nine storm time events when extreme electron fluxes first appeared in the Eastern Hemisphere, then drifted further eastward toward the South-Atlantic Anomaly. Using the electron spectra, we estimated the possible ionization effect produced by quasi-trapped electrons in the topside ionosphere. The estimated ionization was found to be large enough to satisfy observed storm time increases in the ionospheric total electron content (TEC) determined for the same spatial and temporal ranges from global ionospheric maps. Additionally, extreme fluxes of quasi-trapped electrons were accompanied by the significant elevation of the low-latitude F-layer obtained from COSMIC/FORMOSAT-3 radio occultation measurements. We suggest that the storm time ExB drift of energetic electrons from the inner radiation belt is an important driver of positive ionospheric storms within low-latitude and equatorial regions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

TEC evidence for near‐equatorial energy deposition by 30 keV electrons in the topside ionosphere

et al. 2013

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“…The geometrical factor of the detectors is 0X03 cm 2 sr. For a more detailed description of the SPE-1 instrument the reader is referred to the paper of Kudela et al (1992).…”

Section: Instrumentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous measurements from the Millstone Hill radar and the Active satellite during the SAID/SAR arc event of the March 1990 CEDAR storm

et al. 1999

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Abstract. During a nearby passage of the Active satellite above the Millstone Hill radar on 21 March 1990 at local sunset, the satellite and the radar performed simultaneous measurements of upper ionospheric parameters in nearly the same spatial volume. For this purpose the radar carried out a special azimuth-elevation scan to track the satellite. Direct comparisons of radar data and in situ satellite measurements have been carried out quite rarely. In this case, the coincidence of co-ordinated measurements and active ionospheric-magnetospheric processes during an extended storm recovery phase presents a unique occasion resulting in a very valuable data set. The measurements show generally good agreement both during quiet prestorm and storm conditions and the combination of radar and satellite observations gives a more comprehensive picture of the physical processes involved. We ®nd a close relationship between the rapid westward ion drift peak at subauroral latitudes (SAID event) and the occurrence of a stable auroral red (SAR) arc observed after sunset by an all-sky imager and reported in an earlier study of this event. The SAID electric ®eld is caused by the penetration of energetic ions with energies between about 1 keV and 100 keV into the outer plasmasphere to a latitude equatorward of the extent of the plasmasheet electrons. Charge separation results in the observed polarisation ®eld and the SAID. Unusually high molecular ion densities measured by the satellite at altitudes of 700±870 km at subauroral and auroral latitudes point on strong upward-directed ion acceleration processes and an intense neutral gas upwelling. These structures are collocated with a narrow trough in electron density and an electron temperature peak as observed simultaneously by the radar and the satellite probes.

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“…The variation of attitude with respect to the magnetic field was smooth, and periodicities of the satellite axial variations (with respect to the nominal orientation) were 15-20 min. Since these periodicities were long, rapid particle flux variations, which were observed, were not caused by variations in the orientation (Kudela et al, 1992).…”

Section: Experiments and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%