2006
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-947698
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Innervated Free Flaps for Foot Reconstruction: A Review

Abstract: Whether to provide a sensate plantar weight-bearing flap to reconstruct the foot remains an unanswered, but frequently asked, question. It has been more than a decade since Graham and Dellon reviewed this subject. Increasing emphasis on outcome analysis of microsurgical reconstruction has prompted this new review. All published peer-reviewed literature related to reconstruction of the plantar surface of the foot was reviewed to identify whether the flaps were 1) local, regional or distant; 2) innervated or non… Show more

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Cited by 60 publications
(44 citation statements)
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References 33 publications
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“…33 This wound should be treated surgically and as soon as possible, removing necrotic tissues 34,35,36 and providing wound bed preparation 37,38 using specific dressings 39,40 or negative pressure 41,42,43 (vacuum devices). Closure should be achieved as soon as possible with skin grafting, 44,45,46 local flaps, 47,48,49,50 or microsurgical flaps. 51,52,53 With these measures, we expect to reduce the significant personal and economic costs caused by the "diabetic foot"-the resulting longer stay in hospital, longer rehabilitation, and need for special care.…”
Section: Wounds In Diabetic Patientsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…33 This wound should be treated surgically and as soon as possible, removing necrotic tissues 34,35,36 and providing wound bed preparation 37,38 using specific dressings 39,40 or negative pressure 41,42,43 (vacuum devices). Closure should be achieved as soon as possible with skin grafting, 44,45,46 local flaps, 47,48,49,50 or microsurgical flaps. 51,52,53 With these measures, we expect to reduce the significant personal and economic costs caused by the "diabetic foot"-the resulting longer stay in hospital, longer rehabilitation, and need for special care.…”
Section: Wounds In Diabetic Patientsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…28 There were limited reports regarding the reinnervation of distally based flaps that transferred to plantar heel and foot by end-to-end or end-to-side neurorhapphy, and the outcome of protective flap sensation without ulceration was achieved. 29,30 In a large distally based sural flap, the proximal part is innervated by the posterior thigh cutaneous nerve and beyond the original distribution of the sural nerve.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In noninnervated fasciocutaneous flaps, nerve regeneration by collateral sprouting may also result in inconsistent postoperative sensation of the skin. 36 In our opinion, noninnervated fasciocutaneous flaps should be regarded as second choice due to their poor potential of sensate recovery.…”
Section: Unit (R) And/or Unit (U) Defects Of the Palmmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…Although these flaps lack any possibility of sensory coaptation, postoperative pressure sensation has been described in muscle flaps covered with skin grafts in the hand and lower extremity. 36 Many articles demonstrate that nonsensory muscle flaps can develop deep pressure sensibility, however with a lack of protective cutaneous sensation. The mechanisms have not been fully understood but may represent transmission versus ingrowth from an innervated recipient bed.…”
Section: Unit (R) And/or Unit (U) Defects Of the Palmmentioning
confidence: 99%
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