Innervation of the Sheep Adrenal Cortex: An Immunohistochemical Study with Rat Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor Antiserum

Rundle, Susan E.; Canny, Benedict J.; Robinson, Peter; Funder, John W.

doi:10.1159/000124983

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Immuno-localisation studies on CRH within the adrenal gland have demonstrated the presence of CRH within the medulla, predominantly located in cells within close proximity to the peripheral radicles of the central vein (Andreis et al, 1992;Bruhn et al, 1987;Edwards and Jones, 1988;Hashimoto et al, 1984;Vinson and Hinson, 1992). Rundle et al (1988) reported that CRH was located in an asymmetric network of cells and varicose fibres in the adrenal cortex, a plexus of fibres being located in the zona reticularis with fibres ramifying into the adjacent medulla. While CRH cells were found throughout the cortex, the greatest frequency was at the corticomedullary junction.…”

Section: Factors Regulating Venous Outflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascularization of the adrenal cortex: its possible involvement in the regulation of steroid hormone release

Bassett

West

1997

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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Section: Factors Regulating Venous Outflowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vascularization of the adrenal cortex: its possible involvement in the regulation of steroid hormone release

Bassett

West

1997

Microsc. Res. Tech.

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“…There is experimental evidence in support of the contention that glucocorticoids interact with ACTH receptors on adrenocortical cells (39). Conceivably, they may also interact with SCN messages through negative feedback regulation of an intraglandular mini-HPA axis (21,40,46). In support of the latter possibility, it has been shown that modulation of the adrenocortical sensitivity to ACTH stimulation is a major effect of intraadrenal corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) (45) and that the adrenal content of CRH is significantly reduced by cortisol treatment in rats (1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Corticosterone-dependent driving influence of the suprachiasmatic nucleus on adrenal sensitivity to ACTH

Sage

Maurel

Bosler

2002

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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-We investigated the effects of ablation of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) on corticosterone (CORT) responses to synthetic ACTH given in either the morning or evening. After dexamethasone treatment, evening ACTH injections in intact rats produced a significantly larger increase in plasma CORT compared with morning ones. In rats with SCN lesions, the ACTH-induced CORT secretion was independent of time of day, providing direct evidence for a driving influence of the SCN on the diurnal rhythm of adrenal sensitivity to ACTH. In the absence of dexamethasone treatment, the SCN-lesioned rats were selected for morning-like (ML) or evening-like (EL) basal levels of CORT. Responses to ACTH were not different in ML rats compared with sham-lesioned morning controls. In contrast, EL rats compared with shamlesioned evening controls showed an ϳ60% decrease in increment of CORT levels within the first 15 min postinjection. These results indicate that the SCN upregulates ACTH sensitivity of the adrenal cortex during the ascending phase of the daily CORT secretion and point to a critical role of glucocorticoids in determining SCN action. adrenocorticotropin hormone; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; circadian rhythm; glucocorticoids; adrenal cortex THE CIRCADIAN RHYTHM of circulating glucocorticoids, characterized by the occurrence of peak levels around the beginning of the daily activity cycle, is normally in phase with the rhythm of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secretion. However, diurnal fluctuations in plasma ACTH are of low amplitude and are frequently not significant over a 24-h period (27), so that amplification of this rhythmic signal is necessary to yield a pronounced adrenal rhythm. It has been shown in rats that such an amplification is provided by an increased adrenal sensitivity to ACTH at the peak of the corticosterone (CORT) rhythm, i.e., at lights off in nocturnal rodents (6,7,9,25,34).Several studies collectively showed that diurnal changes in adrenocortical sensitivity occurred independently of changes in ACTH. The first demonstration was provided by Dallman et al. (9), who observed, under resting conditions, a persistent adrenal rhythm in dexamethasone-treated rats with no ACTH rhythm and, conversely, persistent diurnal ACTH fluctuations in the absence of adrenal rhythm after treatment with parachlorophenylalanine. Accordingly, changes in plasma glucocorticoids in response to stress-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis can occur in the absence of concomitant changes in plasma ACTH (2,5,16,50), which provides strong support for the implication of extra-ACTH mechanisms in the driving of rhythmic adrenal responsiveness to ACTH. Diurnal changes in ACTH receptor affinity or configuration on the adrenocortical cell membrane, or in coupling of the receptor with adenylate cyclase, have been proposed as possible mechanisms (26). There are also experimental data to support the view that a mechanism may exist whereby adrenal sensitivity to ACTH is regulated by the functional inne...

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“…For instance, a tissue CRF similar to hypothalamic CRF has been demonstrated in the mammalian adrenal medulla (Hashimoto et al 1984;Bruhn et al 1987;Nicholson et al 1987;Edward and Jones 1988;Minamino et al 1988), and a report by Rundle et al (1988) demonstrated that a CRF-like substance is also present in the sheep adrenal cortex. In addition, a CRF identical to hypothalamic CRF has been isolated from another steroid-producing organ, the ovine testis (Audhya et al 1989).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Presence of sauvagine-like epitopes in the interrenal gland of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana

Gonzalez

Bountzioukas

Lederis

et al. 1995

Cell and Tissue Research

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Immunocytochemistry was used to investigate the presence of corticotropin-releasing factor-like peptides in the interrenal (adrenal) glands of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana by using specific antisera raised against synthetic nonconjugated rat/human corticotropin-releasing factor, urotensin I, and sauvagine. From these three antisera, covering a broad range of corticotropin-releasing factor-like immunoreactivities, only the sauvagine antiserum gave positive immunoreactivity. Sauvagine immunoreactivity was found in cortical cells grouped into cords in the renal zone of the interrenal gland. The central and subcapsular cords were less stained. Tyrosine hydroxylase-positive chromaffin cells were not sauvagine-immunoreactive. The immunoreactivity was abolished, in all cases, by previous immunoabsorption of the sauvagine antiserum with synthetic sauvagine (0.1 microM), but it was not eliminated by sucker (Catostomus commersoni) urotensin I, sole (Hippoglossoides elassodon) urotensin I, sucker corticotropin-releasing factor, rat/human corticotropin-releasing factor, or ovine corticotropin-releasing factor (0.1-10 microM). In a sauvagine radioimmunoassay, interrenal extracts displaced 125I-sauvagine from antiserum only partially, and not in parallel with the sauvagine standard curve. The results suggest that the sauvagine immunoreactivity in the R. catesbeiana interrenal gland may represent a novel sauvagine-like peptide.

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Innervation of the Sheep Adrenal Cortex: An Immunohistochemical Study with Rat Corticotrophin-Releasing Factor Antiserum

Cited by 20 publications

References 11 publications

Vascularization of the adrenal cortex: its possible involvement in the regulation of steroid hormone release

Vascularization of the adrenal cortex: its possible involvement in the regulation of steroid hormone release

Corticosterone-dependent driving influence of the suprachiasmatic nucleus on adrenal sensitivity to ACTH

Presence of sauvagine-like epitopes in the interrenal gland of the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana

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