Innovation and Competency Development in Occupational Therapy Fieldwork During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

Background: Occupational therapy clinical education was disrupted because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This introduced both challenges and opportunities in clinical fieldwork education and created a naturalistic opportunity to study the innovations that occurred. Purpose: To identify and describe fieldwork education innovations that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic and understand how these clinical learning contexts impacted competency development in occupational therapy learners. Method: A qualitative multi-case study methodology was used. The participants ( N = 28) were occupational therapy learners and preceptors who self-identified as having participated in an innovative fieldwork placement during the pandemic either as a preceptor or learner. Data were collected via in-depth interviews and analyzed to identify cases of innovation. Within and across case analyses were conducted to describe innovations and competencies addressed. Findings: Three cases of fieldwork innovations were identified: (a) Virtual Care; (b) Intrapreneurship; and (c) Administration. The commonly addressed competency domains across the cases were OT Expertise, Excellence in Practice, and Communication and Collaboration. The competency domain, culture, equity, and justice, was only addressed in the virtual care case. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that innovative fieldwork placements can support competency development in occupational therapy; however, this development is complex and contextually based.