Innovation and industrial policies for green hydrogen

doi:10.1787/f0bb5d8c-en

Cited by 14 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Green hydrogen is about three times more expensive than grey or blue hydrogen (Cammeraat et al, 2022). If green hydrogen has to emerge as a realistic alternative in the next 10-15 years, a significant cost reduction in green hydrogen production is required.…”

Section: Current State Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If green hydrogen has to emerge as a realistic alternative in the next 10-15 years, a significant cost reduction in green hydrogen production is required. Also, the availability of low-cost renewable electricity is essential to make green hydrogen cost-competitive; the cost of renewable electricity should fall from an average of US$53 per MWh to around US$20 per MWh in the next 10-15 years (IRENA, 2020;Cammeraat et al,2022). Currently, the green hydrogen market is negligible; with effective policies, countries must develop new markets to attract investments in the areas of electrolyzer manufacturing and distribution networks to scale up the production of green hydrogen (IRENA, 2020).…”

Section: Current State Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, around 96 % of total hydrogen production is fossil-fuel based manufactured from the methane reforming process, while only 4% is produced from water electrolysis (IRENA,2018). The OECD report on green hydrogen policy published by Cammeraat et al (2022) recommends that blue hydrogen as an interim solution can fill in the hydrogen demand gap required for energy transition and climate actions until the green hydrogen technologies are matured and scaled up.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, slow growth in hydrogen technology patents and new trademarks fails to bring down CAPEX & OPEX costs. Slow growth in patenting and trademarking suggests that the pace of innovation activity is not aligned with hydrogen ambitions to achieve net-zero (Cammeraat et al, 2022). Since electrolysis technologies are still evolving, achieving technology scale-up and cost reduction is the most critical challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One way to reduce the green hydrogen cost is to increase the market demand with effective demand-side policy interventions. Such demand-side policy initiatives not only improve the economics of scale but can also bring new investments in green hydrogen distribution and storage infrastructure, therefore, reducing the overall cost (Cammeraat et al, 2022). Another way to make green hydrogen more competitive against natural gas is to address market imperfections in the energy sector.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaling-up Green Hydrogen Development with Effective Policy Interventions

Acharya¹

2022

JSD

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Additive Manufacturing (AM), often referred to as 3D printing, is a production technology that creates objects layer by layer and applies to a variety of materials. AM is expected to have a high impact on the industry as well as on society. The inherent characteristics of AM make it possible to solve not only particular problems but fundamental global challenges as well, which can be examined by reference to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations. This is the first paper that examines the connection of AM and the 17 SDGs through a literature review. In this work, it is outlined which SDGs have a high or moderate potential to be fostered by AM. In each section, one of these SDGs with high or moderate potential will be introduced and corresponding studies relevant to the respective SDG are presented. At the end of each section, the potential of AM to contribute to the achievement of the SDG is evaluated, using the qualitative grades “high” or “moderate”. SDGs with low potential will be subsumed in the last subsection. It is found that six out of 17 SDGs have high potential to be fostered by AM. These are SDG 1 (No poverty), SDG 3 (Good Health and Well-Being), SDG 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation), SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 9 (Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure), and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Furthermore, four SDGs have been identified that have moderate potential to be fostered by AM. These are: SDG 2 (Zero Hunger), SDG 4 (Quality Education), SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities), and SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities).

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Section: Current State Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Current State Of Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scaling-up Green Hydrogen Development with Effective Policy Interventions

Acharya¹

2022

JSD

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State of the Art of Methanol Reforming for Hydrogen Generation

B. S.,

Asapu

2024

ChemBioEng Reviews

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Green hydrogen is the energy carrier set in the roadmap to achieve the net zero target. However, hydrogen as the future energy vector, either in compressed gaseous form or liquefied form, demands a complete overhaul of storage and transportation infrastructure at a global scale. Methanol is one of the commercially viable hydrogen carriers that can overcome the infrastructure challenges associated with the storage and transportation of hydrogen. As a sustainable hydrogen carrier, methanol must be reformed to hydrogen prior to the point of usage. This review begins with a detailed discussion on thermocatalytic methanol reforming, catalysts, operating conditions, and the associated challenges for both stationary and mobility applications. An in‐depth analysis of the existing commercial methanol reformers available for on‐board and onsite hydrogen generation is also presented. The current state of the research‐level photo‐ and electroreforming as a possible alternative to thermocatalytic reforming is reviewed and concludes with the future prospects for methanol reforming.

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A New Approach for Better Industrial Strategies

Criscuolo,

Lalanne

2024

J Ind Compet Trade

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Industrial policy is back. After having been considered a taboo since the 1970s, “new industrial policies” are at the core of governments’ strategies to support countries during crises and enable the green and digital transitions. Virtually, every government has used and uses industrial policy, despite continued concerns related to anticompetitive effects, within and across countries, captured by vested interests and the opportunity cost of public funds, which economists have pointed out, based on previous unsuccessful experiences. In this paper, we contribute to the debate on industrial policy by presenting both a sound and simple framework to help design industrial policies and also data that allow the comparison of industrial strategies and their priorities across countries. First, this paper summarises our recent framework for industrial strategies, which is designed to offer practical policy advice and shed light on the complementarities between different policy instruments. Such a framework is particularly useful when designing complex mission-oriented industrial strategies promoting the green transition of the business sector. Second, this paper presents some salient results from the new “Quantifying Industrial Strategies” (QuIS) project, which gathers harmonised data on industrial policy expenditures, policy priorities, and policy instruments, thereby allowing the benchmarking of industrial strategies across countries. Based on the aforementioned conceptual framework, QuIS measures industrial policy expenditures across 9 OECD members, for the period 2019–2021. The data, now publicly available on the OECD website, show the importance of industrial policy expenditures, and the growing role of green industrial policies in countries industrial strategies.

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Innovation and industrial policies for green hydrogen

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Scaling-up Green Hydrogen Development with Effective Policy Interventions

Scaling-up Green Hydrogen Development with Effective Policy Interventions

State of the Art of Methanol Reforming for Hydrogen Generation

A New Approach for Better Industrial Strategies

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