Innovation at the Intersection: Emerging Translational Research in Neurology and Psychiatry

Tanaka, Masaru; Battaglia, Simone; Giménez-Llort, Lydia; Chen, Chong; Hepsomali, Piril; Avenanti, Alessio; Vécsei, László

doi:10.3390/cells13100790

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 204 publications

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“…Importantly, most of these deficits are accompanied by problems in emotion perception. Thus, investigations taking into account action control embedding emotional stimuli in clinical populations are highly desirable ( Battaglia et al, 2023 , 2024 ; Tanaka et al, 2024 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in intracortical inhibition predict action control when facing emotional stimuli

Quettier,

Ippolito,

Però

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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Efficient inhibitory control in the context of prepotent actions is vital. However, such action inhibition may be profoundly influenced by affective states. Interestingly, research indicates that action control can be either impaired or improved by emotional stimuli. Thus, a great deal of confusion surrounds our knowledge of the complex dynamics subtending emotions and action control. Here, we aimed to investigate whether negative stimuli, even when non-consciously presented and task-irrelevant, can affect action control relative to neutral stimuli. Additionally, we tested whether individual differences in intracortical excitability may predict action control capabilities. To address these issues, we asked participants to complete a modified version of the Stop Signal Task (SST) in which fearful or neutral stimuli were subliminally presented before the go signals as primes. Moreover, we assessed participants’ resting-state corticospinal excitability, short intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF). Results demonstrated better action control capabilities when fearful stimuli were subliminally presented and interindividual SICI predicted stronger action inhibition capabilities. Taken together, these results shed new light on the intricate dynamics between action, consciousness, and motor control, suggesting that intracortical measures can be used as potential biomarkers of reduced motor inhibition in research and clinical settings.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual differences in intracortical inhibition predict action control when facing emotional stimuli

Quettier,

Ippolito,

Però

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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Compound 21 Attenuates Isoflurane-Induced Injury in Neonatal Rat Hippocampal Neurons and Primary Rat Neuronal Cells by Upregulating METTL3

Shen,

Wu,

Zhuang

et al. 2024

JIR

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Background Isoflurane, as an anesthetic drug, has a neurotoxic effect on the developing brain tissue. Compound 21 (C21) has been reported to be neuroprotective and ameliorate stroke effects. However, the mechanism by which C21 protects against nerve damage remains unclear. Methods Animal and cellular models of brain injury were constructed using isoflurane (ISO) in neonatal SD rats and primary rat neuronal cells (PRNCs). After treatment with C21, the ultrastructure and morphology of the hippocampus in the model rats were assessed using the transmission electron microscope and H&E staining. Methylation or apoptosis-related genes or proteins were examined using immunohistochemistry, RT-qPCR, and Western blot. The levels of inflammatory factors were monitored using the ELISA kits. m6A modification was analyzed by Dot blot and MeRIP-qPCR. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were also tested using Edu and TUNEL staining. Results C21 suppresses apoptosis and inflammation and improves hippocampal morphology in ISO-induced neonatal rats. Mechanistically, C21 upregulates m6A modification, PPAR-a, BCL-2, and METTL3 in ISO-induced neonatal rats and ISO-treated PRNCs. C21 promotes cell proliferation, enhances BCL-2 m6A modification, and reduces inflammation by upregulating METTL3 by upregulating METTL3 in ISO-treated PRNCs. Conclusion These findings suggest that C21 enhances neuronal cell survival and morphology and up-regulates methylation and Bc1-2 levels, potentially offering a therapeutic strategy for neuroprotection in clinical settings, particularly in cases of neurotoxic exposure. The mechanism may be related to the upregulation of METTL3.

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Dysregulated zinc homeostasis and microadenomas in the anterior pituitary: pathological insights into suicide risk

Tendilla-Beltrán,

Aguilar-Alonso,

Hernández-González

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundSuicide is a significant public health problem influenced by various risk factors, including dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Zinc (Zn), essential for pituitary function in hormone synthesis and release, has been linked to suicide, with studies noting reduced serum levels and altered brain transport mechanisms. Despite Zn’s crucial role in pituitary function and its involvement in suicidal behavior, information on pituitary Zn in suicide is scarce. Tumor cells modify Zn dynamics in tissues, and a previous report suggests microadenomas in the anterior pituitary as a risk factor for suicide.MethodsHistopathological analysis with hematoxylin-eosin stain and histochemical techniques to assess Zn homeostasis were carried out on anterior pituitary postmortem samples from 14 suicide completers and 9 non-suicidal cases.ResultsPituitary microadenomas were identified in 35% of suicide cases and none in the non-suicidal cases. Furthermore, compartmentalized Zn (detected via dithizone reactivity), but not free Zn levels (detected via zinquin reactivity), was lower in the suicide cases compared to the non-suicidal group.ConclusionThis is the first report of a potential association between disrupted Zn homeostasis and microadenomas in the anterior pituitary as a feature in suicide and provides critical insights for future neuroendocrine Zn-related research.

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Innovation at the Intersection: Emerging Translational Research in Neurology and Psychiatry

Abstract: Translational research in neurological and psychiatric diseases is a rapidly advancing field that promises to redefine our approach to these complex conditions [...]

Cited by 3 publications

References 204 publications

Individual differences in intracortical inhibition predict action control when facing emotional stimuli

Individual differences in intracortical inhibition predict action control when facing emotional stimuli

Compound 21 Attenuates Isoflurane-Induced Injury in Neonatal Rat Hippocampal Neurons and Primary Rat Neuronal Cells by Upregulating METTL3

Dysregulated zinc homeostasis and microadenomas in the anterior pituitary: pathological insights into suicide risk

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