Innovation Management and Productivity in Sustainable Energy—The Case of Biomass Fuel Manufacturers in Malaysia and Thailand

Bioenergy updates and prospects for decarbonization in the ASEAN region: A review on logistical concerns and potential solutions

“…These roadmaps describe the interventions that each country in the ASEAN have to coordinatively pursue from the upstream (generation) to the downstream (deployment) level or across the entire bioenergy supply chain (e.g., from biomass yield improvement to processing facility development to engine modification; Figures 2 and 3). Meanwhile, the projected increase in bioenergy demand in the ASEAN is rather government/policy driven than market driven (Erdiwansyah et al, 2019; Jusoh et al, 2021; Memari et al, 2018, 2021; Salleh et al, 2020), wherein the targets are set based on the nationally determined contributions (NDCs) of the member countries toward decarbonization and reduction of GHG emissions (ACE, 2022). In these NDCs, Myanmar is the only country that did not declare multiple GHG coverage with carbon dioxide as its only GHG priority to address (ACE, 2022).…”

“…In the developing countries across the ASEAN, food security is an outright priority, which puts bioenergy in critical but debatable importance. The land and the raw material requirements for bioenergy are also necessary for food and fiber production (Jusoh et al, 2021; Panoutsou & Singh, 2020). Therefore, all of them (food, fiber, and bioenergy) compete over more or less the same land, water, land‐based logistics, and material inputs for their respective production processes (Erdiwansyah et al, 2019; Lau, 2022).…”

“…The availability of which follows the usual production cycle or cropping seasons that vary according to crops and tree species. Seasonality is high in biomass production for energy because of production timing and/or time lags in agricultural and timber production (Jusoh et al, 2021; Ying et al, 2020). The forest‐based biomass can be comprised of left‐overs from timber harvesting and processing that have longer production cycles than that of agriculture (Malladi & Sowlati, 2018).…”

“…The forest‐based biomass can be comprised of left‐overs from timber harvesting and processing that have longer production cycles than that of agriculture (Malladi & Sowlati, 2018). While big plantations provide most of the biomass for energy across Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand, farms are the major biomass source for Cambodia, Lao PDR, the Philippines, Myanmar, and Vietnam (Jusoh et al, 2021). The expanded four generations or categories of raw materials and biomass waste/by‐products for bioenergy is a strategy to avoid compromises with the equally essential food and fiber products.…”