“…However, the growing interest in the co-creation paradigm has been so far predominantly focused on qualitative case studies. Existing literature emphasizes that the customer participation in value co-creation activities has an impact on their innovation outcomes, such as innovation cost, time-to-market, new product or service quality and development capacity [11,12,17,38,39]. It suggests the existence of a tendency for scholars to measure the performance of co-creation practices from an innovation perspective alone, neglecting such remarkable 'side effects' as brand perception, customer satisfaction, customerfirm relationship quality or the value of product-enabled services [10,40].…”