Innovations in HPV Vaccination and Roles of Nurses in Cervical Cancer Prevention

Abstract

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is the main aetiological agent for cervical cancer, one of the most frequent cancers observed in women throughout the world. There are effective programs for reducing the incidence of cervical cancer with HPV vaccination. The objective of this study was to discuss the applicability of the HPV vaccination and the role of nurses in prevention of cervical cancer. Use of bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines has been initiated against the types of HPV which are the primary cause of cancer. The quadrivalent HPV vaccination has entered into the routine vaccination schedule in many European countries for use in children and adolescents between 9-15 years of age and for women between 16-26 years of age, whereas it has been proposed that the bivalent vaccination should be given to girls between 9-18 years of age. While cervical cancer is among the cancers that can be prevented, it is essential to continue screening tests while introducing vaccination in a systematic manner for protection. On this subject, among the most important roles of nurses is to implement the screening programs by fulfilling the caregiving, training and consultancy roles for the society and especially, for high risk groups and to increase the awareness of the people.Keywords: HPV vaccines -uterine cervical cancer -screening -nurse's roles -awareness MINI-REVIEW Innovations in HPV Vaccination and Roles of Nurses in Cervical Cancer PreventionJulide Gulizar Yildirim 1 *, Zeynep Arabaci 2 reduce the rates of cervical cancer (Bilir, 2007;Brabin et al., 2011). In this study, we evaluated the role of nurses in order to ensure the feasibility and effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in protecting against cervical cancer.

Early Diagnosis Behavior in Turkish Women with and without a Family History of Cervical Cancer

“…Reason for this result in our study could be absence of HPV vaccines in routine vaccination calendar and therefore women had not heard of HPV vaccines. In studies conducted about HPV vaccines it was reproted that 60% to 89% of the women did not hear about these vaccines (Brabin et al, 2006;Giles and Garland, 2006;Moraros et al, 2006;Dinh et al, 2007;Lenehan et al, 2008;Yildirim et al 2014). These studies are consistent with our findings.…”

“…Presently there are two companies who developed HPV vaccine in our country. The vaccination is routinely suggested in in more than 150 countries (Hacımustafaoglu 2011;Yildirim et al 2014). Since studies on prevalence and epidemiologic studies are not sufficient, Turkish pediatrics association has no clear suggestion on administration of this vaccine regularly (Hacımustafaoglu, 2011).…”

“…Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women and the seventh overall, with an estimated 528,000 new cases in 2012. (IARC, 2012;Yildirim et al, 2014).…”

Predictive Role of the p16 Immunostaining Pattern in Atypical Cervical Biopsies with Less Common High Risk HPV Genotypes

“…High-risk (hr) HPV types include HPV 16,18,31,33,35,39,45,51,52,56,58,and 59; probable or possible hrHPV types (IARC Group 2A and 2B) include HPV 26, 53, 66, 67, 68, 70, 73, and 82; and low-risk (lr) HPV types include HPV 6, 11 (IARC Group 3), 40, 42, 54, 55, 61, 62, 64, 69, 71, 72, 81, 83, 84, and 89 [1,4] Many women get cervical HPV infections, and most do not progress to cervical cancer because infections are transient and viral clearance by the immune system occurs spontaneously without ever causing lesions. High risk HPV infections that "persist" are more likely to evolve into high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL).…”