Innovative application of set theory, Cartesian product, and multinomial theorem in demographic research

Chi, Hsin; Kara, Hilmi; Özgökçe, Mehmet Salih; Atlıhan, Remzi; Güncan, Ali; Rişvanlı, Mehmet Ramazan

doi:10.1127/entomologia/2022/1653

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…TWOSEX‐MSChart and the CONSUME‐MSChart computer programs 35,36 were used to analyze a range of 20 population demographic parameters (see Supporting Information Table S1 for the formulas and definitions of these parameters) based on the theory and method of the age‐stage, two‐sex life table 28–30,37 . In nature, male and female insects of the same species may emerge at different times.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bootstrap technique is also used for the estimation of variances and standard errors of all life table parameters 40 . The paired bootstrap test was used to assess the significance of differences in the parameters between treatments based on the 95% confidence interval 22,37 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TWOSEX-MSChart and the CONSUME-MSChart computer programs 35,36 were used to analyze a range of 20 population demographic parameters (see Supporting Information Table S1 for the formulas and definitions of these parameters) based on the theory and method of the age-stage, two-sex life table. [28][29][30]37 In nature, male and female insects of the same species may emerge at different times. Because male and female adults that emerged on the same day were paired and used to initiate the cohort for each parasitoid in this study (which might not reflect the natural emergence pattern of the parasitoid population), a bootstrapmatch technique (with B = 1000 re-samplings), as described by Amir-Maafi et al, was used to solve this problem.…”

Section: Population Demographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 The paired bootstrap test was used to assess the significance of differences in the parameters between treatments based on the 95% confidence interval. 22,37…”

Section: Population Demographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative demographics, population projections and egg maturation patterns of four eupelmid egg parasitoids on the factitious host Antherae pernyi

Chen

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDThe genera Anastatus and Mesocomys (both Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) are important solitary egg endoparasitoids as biological control agents for lepidopterous and hemipterous pests worldwide. Here, we comparatively evaluated the demographic parameters of four important eupelmid egg parasitoids (Anastatus fulloi, A. japonicus, Mesocomys albitarsis and M. trabalae) reared on the factitious host eggs of the Chinese oak silkworm Antheraea pernyi, using age‐stage two‐sex life tables, their population projections as well as egg maturation patterns.RESULTSBoth the age‐specific net reproductive rate (lxmx) and reproductive value (vxj) increased initially and then gradually decreased with increasing age in all four parasitoid species. Overall, the two Mesocomys species had higher survival rates at stable age‐stage distribution, peak reproductive values, and intrinsic rates of increase than the two Anastatus species. Mesocomys albitarsis had the longest longevity, whereas A. japonicus had the longest oviposition days and mean generation time. The two Mesocomys species are thus projected to have faster population increase than the two Anastatus species. Adult females of all four parasitoid species emerged with only a few mature eggs (< 6 eggs) and most of their eggs were matured post‐emergence (strict synovigeny). The estimated 90% of lifetime complement of reproduction (offspring) and realized days were 374 and 32 for A. japonicus, 337 and 22 for M. trabalae, 330 and 19 for M. albitarsis and 147 and 28 for A. fulloi.CONCLUSIONOur results indicated that the two Mesocomys species have higher control capacity than the two Anastatus species. Provision of adult food for these strictly synovigenic parasitoids would be essential to prolong their lifespan and continuously produce eggs for parasitizing their hosts for mass rearing or augmentative biological control programs. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Population Demographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…40 The paired bootstrap test was used to assess the significance of differences in the parameters between treatments based on the 95% confidence interval. 22,37…”

Section: Population Demographymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Comparative demographics, population projections and egg maturation patterns of four eupelmid egg parasitoids on the factitious host Antherae pernyi

Chen

Wang

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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“…Based on the dependence of insects on trehalose, the inhibitory effects of ZK-PI-5 on membrane-bound trehalase was more specific, had a more prominent impact on the measured indexes, and is therefore a more suitable trehalase inhibitor. This provides a theoretical basis for the application of ZK-PI-5 as a control for S. frugiperda and a foundation for the research and development of more effective biological pesticides (although more research would be needed to assessing potential impact on S. frugiperda population growth, e.g., using demographic analytical methods, see Chi et al, 2020 ; Chi et al, 2022a ; Chi et al, 2022b ). However, more in-depth exploration is still needed to determine how ZK-PI-5 trehalase inhibitor can effectively be used in the research and development of biological pesticides and whether it can be produced on a large scale.…”

Section: Conciusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential inhibitory effects of compounds ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9 on trehalose and chitin metabolism in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

Zhong

Jiang

et al. 2023

Front. Physiol.

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Introduction:Spodoptera frugiperda is an omnivorous agricultural pest which is great dangerous for grain output.Methods: In order to investigate the effects of potential trehalase inhibitors, ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9, on the growth and development of S. frugiperda, and to identify new avenues for S. frugiperda control, we measured the content of the trehalose, glucose, glycogen and chitin, enzyme activity, and gene expression levels in trehalose and chitin metabolism of S. frugiperda. Besides, their growth and development were also observed.Results: The results showed that ZK-PI-9 significantly reduced trehalase activity and ZK-PI-5 significantly reduced membraned-bound trehalase activity. Moreover, ZK-PI-5 inhibited the expression of SfTRE2, SfCHS2, and SfCHT, thus affecting the chitin metabolism. In addition, the mortality of S. frugiperda in pupal stage and eclosion stage increased significantly after treatment with ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9, which affected their development stage and caused death phenotype (abnormal pupation and difficulty in breaking pupa).Discussion: These results have provided a theoretical basis for the application of trehalase inhibitors in the control of agricultural pests to promote future global grain yield.

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Sublethal phosphine fumigation induces transgenerational hormesis in a factitious host, Corcyra cephalonica

Nath

Maurya

et al. 2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUNDThe rice moth, Corcyra cephalonica (Stainton) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a pest of stored grains and widely used as a factitious host during the mass rearing of several natural enemies of crop pests. Hormesis is well‐documented in pest insects, to some extent in natural enemies of pests.RESULTSWe report transgenerational stimulatory effects of the widely used fumigant, phosphine. The study reports the consequences of sublethal, low lethal and median lethal concentrations (LC5, LC25 and LC50) and untreated control for two sequential generations of the species (G1 to G2). In this study, we investigated the life‐history traits, nutrient reserves (protein, lipid and carbohydrate) and larval gut microbiome (using 16 s rRNA V3–V4 metagenomics sequencing) of C. cephalonica. Stimulatory effects were observed for various biological traits of C. cephalonica, notably adult longevity, emergence and increased egg hatchability when exposed to LC5 of phosphine. The total protein, lipid and carbohydrate contents of C. cephalonica also were found to be significantly increased by LC5 in both generations. The microbial diversity of LC5 treated larval gut was higher and found to be different from the rest of the treatments. This is the first report showing hormesis to a fumigant insecticide.CONCLUSIONOur findings increase knowledge on the interaction between hormesis, nutrient reserves and gut bacteria in C. cephalonica exposed to insecticides. Overall, the present study establishes phosphine‐induced hormesis at LC5 in the host C. cephalonica, which might help improve the quality of mass rearing of various natural enemies. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.

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Innovative application of set theory, Cartesian product, and multinomial theorem in demographic research

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative demographics, population projections and egg maturation patterns of four eupelmid egg parasitoids on the factitious host Antherae pernyi

Comparative demographics, population projections and egg maturation patterns of four eupelmid egg parasitoids on the factitious host Antherae pernyi

Potential inhibitory effects of compounds ZK-PI-5 and ZK-PI-9 on trehalose and chitin metabolism in Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith)

Sublethal phosphine fumigation induces transgenerational hormesis in a factitious host, Corcyra cephalonica

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