Innovative Development in Antimicrobial Inorganic Materials

Enhancement of the antimicrobial properties of orthorhombic molybdenum trioxide by thermal induced fracturing of the hydrates

“…One approach is to modify the surface chemistry and roughness of solid substrates, and to apply coatings with a distinct biocidal effect. Extensive studies are available, which suggest that highly active metal and metal oxide particles such as Ag, Cu, TiO 2 or ZnO on solid surfaces exhibit excellent antimicrobial properties [3][4][5][6][7]. However, these materials show several drawbacks limiting their applicability such as a low active surface area, low durability, a possible high cytotoxicity and extensive costs for their preparation are major constraints limiting their application.…”

“…They found that the biocidal effect was fastest against the Gram-positive S. aureus and Enterococcus faecium, while it took longer against Gram-negative microorganisms [17]. Very recently, 3 and the mechanism of MoO 3 toxicity by measuring the beta-D-galactosidase activity [18]. Molybdenum and most molybdenum compounds show a low cytotoxicity and exhibit a high general biocompatibility for the human organism, animals, and plants [19][20][21][22].…”

“…The hydration of MoO 3 occurs either by substitution of one oxygen of the octahedron by a coordinated water molecule or by the inclusion of crystallisation water between the sheets of the layered structure. Accordingly, different hydrates of molybdenum oxide exist, including molybdenum trioxide dihydrate (MoO 3 [29][30]. The dehydration process of molybdenum trioxide dihydrates during heating is illustrated in Fig.…”

Cellulose acetate-based composites with antimicrobial properties from embedded molybdenum trioxide particles

“…; Lackner and Guggenbichler ; Shafaei et al . ). However, these materials have several intrinsic drawbacks, such as low active surface area, low adherence on the substrate surfaces, high cytotoxicity and high production cost.…”

“…The growth of pathogen-containing biofilms has gained much attention among scientists and medical personnel to develop novel material composites presenting antibacterial properties on their surface. The antimicrobial properties of metal and metal oxides particles, such as Ag, Cu, Au, TiO 2 , ZnO, MgO and CuO, embedded in polymer matrices have been investigated extensively in the past decade (Bechert et al 2000;Kalaycı et al 2010;Delgado et al 2011;Raghupathi et al 2011;Hazer et al 2012;Das et al 2013;Lackner and Guggenbichler 2013a;Shafaei et al 2014a). However, these materials have several intrinsic drawbacks, such as low active surface area, low adherence on the substrate surfaces, high cytotoxicity and high production cost.…”