“…The research question “are actors of PPPs for innovation motivated due to financial incentives or can they be policy driven?” is, therefore, particularly relevant for practitioners, researchers, and policy‐makers and confronts three gaps in the PPP literature. First, the current literature focuses mainly on infrastructure projects and public services, whereas, public‐private innovation partnerships became apparent only recently (Brogaard, 2019). Secondly, the role of social actors in PPP implementation is largely ignored (Biygautane et al, 2019) and, thirdly, the main motivation behind PPP projects are claimed to be financially driven, such as lower costs and risks because of shared responsibilities (Wang et al, 2017; Willems & van Dooren, 2014).…”