Innovative Policies for Energy Efficiency and the Use of Renewables in Households

Strielkowski, Wadim; Volkova, Elena E.; Pushkareva, Luidmila V.; Štreimikienė, Dalia

doi:10.3390/en12071392

Cited by 79 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Current power generation techniques by means of thermal machinery [1] are mainly dependent on combustion. As the endeavors for utilizing new energy sources [2] and recovery technologies [3] continue, combustion is prognosed to remain as an important technology for energy conversion, also for the future. It should be noted that combustion plays an important role also for renewable energies, as it is the conversion technology for biomass [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Combustion Models for Lifted Hydrogen Flames within RANS Framework

Benim

Pfeiffelmann

2019

Energies

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Within the framework of a Reynolds averaged numerical simulation (RANS) methodology for modeling turbulence, a comparative numerical study of turbulent lifted H 2 /N 2 flames is presented. Three different turbulent combustion models, namely, the eddy dissipation model (EDM), the eddy dissipation concept (EDC), and the composition probability density function (PDF) transport model, are considered in the analysis. A wide range of global and detailed combustion reaction mechanisms are investigated. As turbulence model, the Standard k-ε model is used, which delivered a comparatively good accuracy within an initial validation study, performed for a non-reacting H 2 /N 2 jet. The predictions for the lifted H 2 /N 2 flame are compared with the published measurements of other authors, and the relative performance of the turbulent combustion models and combustion reaction mechanisms are assessed. The flame lift-off height is taken as the measure of prediction quality. The results show that the latter depends remarkably on the reaction mechanism and the turbulent combustion model applied. It is observed that a substantially better prediction quality for the whole range of experimentally observed lift-off heights is provided by the PDF model, when applied in combination with a detailed reaction mechanism dedicated for hydrogen combustion.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Combustion Models for Lifted Hydrogen Flames within RANS Framework

Benim

Pfeiffelmann

2019

Energies

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“…Even though we do not base the results of our paper on this sector and do not analyze it or consider its in-depth implications, a simple reference can be useful here. In general, greenhouse gas emissions from the transport sector rose from around 146 megatons of carbon dioxide equivalents in 2000 to 174 megatons in 2017 [9,10]. Greenhouse gas emissions from passenger cars rose from 81 megatons in 2000 to 94 megatons in 2017.…”

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confidence: 99%

Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

et al. 2020

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Our paper focuses on the renewable energy and EU 2020 target for energy efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. We study the reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in these two EU Member States through the prism of the Europe 2020 strategy and the 3 × 20 climate and energy package and economic growth (represented by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) that allows to measure the national dynamics and provide cross-country comparisons) without attributing specific attention to issues such as the electrification of transport or heating, and thence leaving them outside the scope of this paper. Both Czech Republic and Slovakia are two post-Communist countries that still face the consequences of economic transformation and struggle with the optimal management of natural resources. Both countries encountered profound system transformation after 1989 that are apparent in all three measures of sustainable development used in our study. We show that it is unlikely that the planned increase in renewable energy in the Czech Republic and Slovakia will reach its targets, but they might succeed in reducing their energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Our findings show that the energy intensity of Czech and Slovak economies increased in the early 2000s and then stabilized at a level about twice of the EU average. It appears that this value is likely to remain the same in the forthcoming years. However, implementation of GHG emissions in the Czech Republic and Slovakia may be at risk in case the proper energy policy is not maintained. Moreover, our results show how the increase in the share of renewable energy and improvement in energy efficiency go hand-in-hand with mining and exploiting the energy sources that is notorious for the transition economies. We also demonstrate that a proper energy policy is required for effectively reducing energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. There is a need for commitments made by relevant stakeholders and policymakers targeted at achieving sustainable economic growth and energy efficiency. In addition, we demonstrate that there is a need for maintaining a proper balance between economic development and environmental protection, which is a must for the EU sustainable energy development agenda and all its accompanying targets for all its Member States.

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“…For example, electrification of heating and ventilation systems can double the demand for electricity [48]. Also, switching to electric cars in the future will require more electricity [49]. This accordingly presupposes that the development of RES in the electricity sector can have a major impact on the overall sustainability of the energy sector in the future.…”

Section: The Results Of the Assessment Of Sustainability Of Eu Countrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Achievements of the European Union Countries in Seeking a Sustainable Electricity Sector

Šikšnelytė

Zavadskas

2019

Energies

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The electricity production sector has a significant share of final energy consumption and has a huge potential to use more renewable energy sources. Over the last two decades, the European Union (EU) reform of electricity markets has had positive results, and market liberalization acts as a stimulus for energy efficiency, lower prices, and technological progress. Today’s EU policy for the development of electricity and the entire energy sector seeks to provide system modernization, stability, reinforcement of the single market, and implementation of climate change policy with an emphasis on the decarbonization of energy sources and the increase of energy efficiency. After all of the EU efforts to form an electricity sector in member states, it is necessary to assess the efficiency of the policy implemented and to identify the results achieved in shaping a sustainable electricity sector. The purpose of this article is to carry out a sustainability assessment of the electricity sector in the EU countries. A set of eight indicators designed to assess the sustainability of the electricity sector of different EU countries in 2017 has been drawn up. The assessment is made using the multi-criteria decision-making method (MCDM) Technique for Order Preference (TOPSIS). The assessment shows that the electricity market of Slovenia is the most sustainable, with Luxembourg in the second position in the EU.

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Innovative Policies for Energy Efficiency and the Use of Renewables in Households

Cited by 79 publications

References 65 publications

Comparison of Combustion Models for Lifted Hydrogen Flames within RANS Framework

Comparison of Combustion Models for Lifted Hydrogen Flames within RANS Framework

Renewable Energy and EU 2020 Target for Energy Efficiency in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Achievements of the European Union Countries in Seeking a Sustainable Electricity Sector

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