Innovative therapies for mood disorders: A case report

Ross, Kim; VanNortwick, Mary; Dragone, Dana

doi:10.1016/j.explore.2020.03.011

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…A mixture including 500 mg of TRP and 200 mg of L-theanine with L-glutamine, D-phenylalanine, tyrosine, multivitamin/mineral, magnesium citrate, zinc and gammalinoleic acid improved anxiety, depression and sleep disturbances in a 26-year-old female with post-traumatic stress disorder [41]. Despite the evidence suggesting a potential beneficial effect of L-theanine on sleep, most studies used mixtures of it with several other compounds and therefore, disentangling the specific effect of L-theanine is difficult.…”

Section: Theanine In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of Supplements and Over-the-Counter Products to Improve Sleep in Children: A Systematic Review

Innocenti

Lentini

Rapacchietta

et al. 2023

IJMS

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The sleep–wake cycle is a complex multifactorial process involving several neurotransmitters, including acetylcholine, norepinephrine, serotonin, histamine, dopamine, orexin and GABA, that can be, in turn, regulated by different nutrients involved in their metabolic pathways. Although good sleep quality in children has been proven to be a key factor for optimal cognitive, physical and psychological development, a significant and ever-increasing percentage of the pediatric population suffers from sleep disorders. In children, behavioral interventions along with supplements are recommended as the first line treatment. This systematic review was conducted, according to the PRISMA guidelines, with the purpose of assessing the principal nutrients involved in the pathways of sleep-regulating neurotransmitters in children and adolescents. Our focus was the utilization of over the counter (OTC) products, specifically iron, hydroxytryptophan, theanine and antihistamines in the management of different pediatric sleep disorders with the intention of providing a practical guide for the clinician.

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Section: Theanine In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

The Role of Supplements and Over-the-Counter Products to Improve Sleep in Children: A Systematic Review

Innocenti

Lentini

Rapacchietta

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Research on the relationship between antioxidants and major mental disorders has never stopped. Some observational studies have shown that dietary intake, either as dietary components or supplements, or the concentration of vitamins E and C, and carotenoids in the blood, are associated with a reduced risk of MDD [5-7], SCZ [8, 9], BIP [10], ASD [11, 12], ADHD [13], and PTSD [14]. However, some observational studies do not report a protective effect of the foregoing antioxidants on mental disorders [15-19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating Causal Associations of Diet-Derived Circulating Antioxidants with Risk of Six Major Mental Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Zhao

Han

et al. 2022

Preprint

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BackgroundObservational studies have suggested associations between circulating antioxidant levels and many mental disorders, but evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is lacking and causal inferences have not been confirmed. The aim of this study was to explore whether genetically predicted diet-derived circulating antioxidants were causally associated with the risk of major mental disorders using Mendelian randomization (MR).Methods and findingsWe performed 2-sample MR analyses of summary-level genetic data to explore whether diet-derived circulating antioxidants [e.g., vitamins E (α- and γ-tocopherol), ascorbate, retinol, β-carotene, and lycopene], assessed by absolute circulating antioxidants and relative circulating antioxidant metabolites, were causally associated with the risk of six major mental disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD), schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BIP), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The inverse-variance weighted method was adopted as primary MR analyses and five additional MR methods (likelihood-based MR, MR-Egger, weighted median, penalized weighted median, and MR-PRESSO) and different outcome databases were used for sensitivity analyses. We found suggestive evidence that genetically predicted higher absolute circulating α-tocopherol levels marginally reduced the risk of SCZ, with the odds ratio (OR) per unit increase in log-transformed α-tocopherol values was 0.71 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54 to 0.94; P = 0.016]. However, after adjusting for multiple testing (threshold of P < 0.008), we found no significant evidence that genetically predicted higher diet-derived absolute circulating antioxidant levels and antioxidant metabolites concentrations were significantly causally associated with the six-foregoing major mental disorders.ConclusionsOverall, our study does not support significant causal associations of genetically predicted diet-derived circulating antioxidants with the risk of major mental disorders. Therefore, simply taking antioxidants to increase blood antioxidants levels is unlikely to have a significant protective effect on the prevention of most mental disorders.Author summaryWhy was this study done?Some observational studies have reported that diet-derived circulating antioxidants are associated with a reduced risk of major mental disorders; however, these studies are susceptible to uncertain temporal relationships, insufficient sample sizes, or potential confounding factors, and thus it remains unclear whether these associations are accurate.To our knowledge, there are no randomized clinical trials published to date on this topic. Since oxidative stress is closely related to the occurrence of mental diseases, if diet-derived circulating antioxidants can reduce the risk of major mental disorders, it will be an interesting target as primary prevention of mental disorders.What did the researchers do and find?We performed a Mendelian randomization study design to explore whether genetically predicted diet-derived circulating antioxidants [e.g., vitamins E (α- and γ-tocopherol), ascorbate, retinol, β-carotene, and lycopene], assessed by absolute circulating antioxidants and relative circulating antioxidant metabolites, were causally associated with the risk of six major mental disorders, including major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism spectrum disorder, attention- deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder.Overall, our study provides suggestive evidence that genetically predicted higher absolute α-tocopherol levels may be causally associated with a reduced risk of schizophrenia. However, our study did not find genetically predicted significant causal associations of dietary antioxidants with major mental disorders after correction for multiple testing.What do these findings mean?Our findings suggest for healthy adults without nutritional deficiency, simply taking antioxidants to increase blood antioxidants levels is unlikely to have a significant protective effect on the prevention of most mental disorders.In the future, large-scale GWASs are needed to further validate our current findings, especially the suggestive protective effect of higher α-tocopherol levels on schizophrenia, by utilizing additional genetic variants and more samples.

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Dissecting Causal Associations of Diet-Derived Circulating Antioxidants with Six Major Mental Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

et al. 2023

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Although observational studies have suggested associations between circulating antioxidants and many mental disorders, causal inferences have not been confirmed. Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses were conducted using summary-level statistics from genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to explore whether genetically determined absolute circulating antioxidants (i.e., ascorbate, retinol, β-carotene, and lycopene) and metabolites (i.e., α- and γ-tocopherol, ascorbate, and retinol) were causally associated with the risk of six major mental disorders, including anxiety disorders (AD), major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar disorder (BIP), schizophrenia (SCZ), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD). MR analyses were performed per specific-outcome databases, including the largest GWAS published to date (from 9725 for OCD to 413,466 for BIP participants), UK Biobank (over 370,000 participants), and FinnGen (over 270,000 participants), followed by meta-analyses. We found no significant evidence that genetically determined diet-derived circulating antioxidants were significantly causally associated with the risk of the six above-mentioned major mental disorders. For absolute antioxidant levels, the odds ratios (ORs) ranged from 0.91 (95% CI, 0.67–1.23) for the effect of β-carotene on OCD to 1.18 (95% CI, 0.90–1.54) for the effect of ascorbate on OCD. Similarly, for antioxidant metabolites, ORs ranged from 0.87 (95% CI, 0.55–1.38) for the effect of ascorbate on MDD to 1.08 (95% CI, 0.88–1.33) for the effect of ascorbate on OCD. Our study does not support significant causal associations of genetically determined diet-derived circulating antioxidants with the risk of major mental disorders.

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Innovative therapies for mood disorders: A case report

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

The Role of Supplements and Over-the-Counter Products to Improve Sleep in Children: A Systematic Review

The Role of Supplements and Over-the-Counter Products to Improve Sleep in Children: A Systematic Review

Investigating Causal Associations of Diet-Derived Circulating Antioxidants with Risk of Six Major Mental Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Dissecting Causal Associations of Diet-Derived Circulating Antioxidants with Six Major Mental Disorders: A Mendelian Randomization Study

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