Innovative treatments for epilepsy: Venom peptides, cannabinoids, and neurostimulation

Lima, Larissa Silva de; Loyola, Vinícius; Bicca, João Victor Montenegro Luzardo; Faro, Lucas; Vale, Camilla Lepesqueur Costa; Denucci, Bruna Lotufo; Mortari, Márcia Renata

doi:10.1002/jnr.25114

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 203 publications

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“…Currently, more detailed structural information for cannabinoid receptors has been revealed by cryoelectronic microscopy, which has accelerated the discovery of structure-based substances [ 209 ]. At the same time, new peptide-like cannabinoids of animal origin arrived on the scene, with potential therapeutic effects in vivo on cannabinoid receptors [ 212 , 213 ].…”

Section: Research Perspectives and Trends In The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Rezende

Alencar²,

de³

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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The endocannabinoid system (eCB) has been studied to identify the molecular structures present in Cannabis sativa. eCB consists of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands, and the associated enzymatic apparatus responsible for maintaining energy homeostasis and cognitive processes. Several physiological effects of cannabinoids are exerted through interactions with various receptors, such as CB1 and CB2 receptors, vanilloid receptors, and the recently discovered G-protein-coupled receptors (GPR55, GPR3, GPR6, GPR12, and GPR19). Anandamide (AEA) and 2-arachidoylglycerol (2-AG), two small lipids derived from arachidonic acid, showed high-affinity binding to both CB1 and CB2 receptors. eCB plays a critical role in chronic pain and mood disorders and has been extensively studied because of its wide therapeutic potential and because it is a promising target for the development of new drugs. Phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids have shown varied affinities for eCB and are relevant to the treatment of several neurological diseases. This review provides a description of eCB components and discusses how phytocannabinoids and other exogenous compounds may regulate the eCB balance. Furthermore, we show the hypo- or hyperfunctionality of eCB in the body and how eCB is related to chronic pain and mood disorders, even with integrative and complementary health practices (ICHP) harmonizing the eCB.

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Section: Research Perspectives and Trends In The Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Rezende

Alencar²,

de³

et al. 2023

Pharmaceuticals

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“…Furthermore, some peptides possess anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties. Seizures often lead to neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, contributing to neuronal damage (Lima et al, 2022).…”

Section: Peptide Therapeutics In Various Neurologic Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Delivery of Peptide and Protein Therapeutics to the Brain

Arora,

Bajaj,

Kumar

et al. 2023

J Pharmacol Exp Ther

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The classes of neuropharmaceuticals known as proteins and peptides serve as diagnostic tools and are involved in specific communication in the peripheral and central nervous systems. However, due to tight junctions resembling epithelial cells found in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in vivo, they are typically excluded from transport from the blood to the brain. The drugs having molecular weight of less than 400 Dalton are able to cross the BBB via lipid-mediated free diffusion. However, large molecule therapeutics are devoid of these characteristics. As an alternative, these substances may be carried via chimeric peptide drug delivery systems, and assist in transcytosis through BBB with the aid of linker strategies. With their recent developments, several forms of nanoparticles, including poly (ethylene glycol)-poly(e-caprolactone) copolymers, nanogels, liposomes, nanostructured lipid carriers, poly (D, L-lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, chitosan, and solid lipid nanoparticles, have also been considered for their therapeutic applications. Moreover, the necessity for physiologic optimization of current drug delivery methods and their carriers to deliver therapeutic doses of medication into the brain for the treatment of various neurologic illnesses has also been emphasized. Therapeutic use of proteins and peptides has no neuroprotective impact in the absence of all these methods. Each tactic, however, has unique drawbacks and considerations. In this review, we discuss different drug delivery methods for therapeutic distribution of pharmaceuticals, primarily neuroproteins and neuropeptides, through endothelial capillaries via blood-brain barrier. Finally, we have also discussed the challenges and future perspective of protein and peptide therapeutics delivery to the brain. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTVery few reports on the delivery of therapeutic protein and peptide nanoformulations are available in the literature. Herein, we attempted to discuss these nanoformulations of protein and peptide therapeutics used to treat brain diseases.

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“…Currently, more detailed structural information for cannabinoid receptors has been revealed thanks to the power of cryo-electron microscopy, which can accelerate the discovery of structure-based substances [114]. At the same time, new peptidelike cannabinoids of animal origin arrived on the scene, with their potential therapeutic effects in vivo on cannabinoid receptors [115,116].…”

Section: Research Perspectives Trends On the Endocannabinoid Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Montes¹

2022

Preprint

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The endocannabinoid system (eCB) began to be studied from the identification of the molecular structures present in the cannabis sativa plant. The ECS is constituted of cannabinoid receptors, endogenous ligands and all the associated enzymatic apparatus responsible for maintaining homeostasis. Several physiological effects of cannabinoids are exerted through interaction with various receptors such as CB1 and CB2 receptors, vanilloid receptors, and the recently discovered [GPCRs (GPR55, GPR3, GPR6, GPR12 and GPR19). Endogenous ligands such anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol might modulate these receptors. eCB has proved to play a critical role in some human diseases and has been extensively studied due to its wide therapeutic potential and because it is a promising target for the development of new drugs. Phytocannabinoids and synthetic cannabinoids have shown varied affinities to eCB, which are relevant to the treatment of various diseases. They may also have potential as lead compounds in the development of cannabinoid-based pharmaceuticals for a variety of diseases. Furthermore, Integrative and Complementary Health Practices (ICHP) appear to influence the endocannabinoid system through modulation. This review will show a description of ECS components and discuss how phytocannabinoids, other exogenous compounds, and PICS may operate the eCB balance.

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Innovative treatments for epilepsy: Venom peptides, cannabinoids, and neurostimulation

Cited by 6 publications

References 203 publications

Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

Recent Advances in Delivery of Peptide and Protein Therapeutics to the Brain

Endocannabinoid System: Chemical Characteristics and Biological Activity

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