Inorganic adsorbent containing polymeric membrane reservoir for the recovery of lithium from seawater

Lithium ion recovery from brine using granulated polyacrylamide–MnO 2 ion-sieve

“…A series of MnO 2 ion-sieves have been synthesized from lithium manganese oxides with different Li/Mn molar ratios, namely LiMn 2 O 4 , Li 4 Mn 5 O 12 , and Li 1.6 Mn 1.6 O 4 [13][14][15][16][17][18]. However, The adsorbent materials with the powder form cannot be used directly in salt lakes because of the physical loss during postadsorption retrieval [10,19,20]. The granulation technology for the adsorbent powders is urgently needed to provide the granulated MnO 2 ion-sieve with high mechanical stability and high water permeability for the large-scale applications.…”

“…Lots of researchers have tried to immobilize the MnO 2 ion-sieve powder into spheres, foams, membranes, and fibers [13,[19][20][21][22][23][24][25] using binders, such as polyvinylchloride (PVC), polysulfone (PSf), http polyurethane (PU), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), silica, agar, and chitosan, respectively. However, it is found that the Li + adsorption capacity of the granulated MnO 2 ion-sieve is decreased significantly when compared with the MnO 2 ion-sieve powder, either owing to powder leakage or blocked in the forming materials [10,21,24].…”

Recovery of Lithium Ions from Seawater Using a Continuous Flow Adsorption Column Packed with Granulated Chitosan–Lithium Manganese Oxide

“…Umeno et al 18 produced a polyvinyl chloride (PVC)−LMO based membrane-type adsorbent for Li + recovery from salt lakes. Chung et al 19 prepared a polymeric membrane reservoir system that contained the ion exchange adsorbent, Li 1.33 Mn 1.67 O 4 , for the recovery of Li + from natural seawater. Ma et al 20 synthesized polyurethane−LMO foam for the recovery of Li + from aqueous solutions.…”

Magnetically separable magnetite–lithium manganese oxide nanocomposites as reusable lithium adsorbents in aqueous lithium resources

“…Membrane-type adsorbents have been prepared by a solvent exchange method using PVC as a binder [10]. Flat sheet [11] and polymeric reservoir ''tea bag'' configurations [12] have been studied. These membrane-type adsorbents are suitable for Li + recovery from aqueous Li resources because they can be used in continuous-operation systems, but operation of the pressurized flow component of the membrane system consumes energy [12].…”

“…Flat sheet [11] and polymeric reservoir ''tea bag'' configurations [12] have been studied. These membrane-type adsorbents are suitable for Li + recovery from aqueous Li resources because they can be used in continuous-operation systems, but operation of the pressurized flow component of the membrane system consumes energy [12]. The manufacturing costs are high, and a considerable amount of wastewater containing substances such as N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide [9] is generated.…”