Inorganic Flame-Retardant Coatings Based on Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Hydrate

Chen, Sin-Nan; Lin, Ching−Fuh; Hsu, Hao-Lun; Chen, Xin-Han; Huang, Yu-Chang; Hsieh, Tar‐Hwa; Ho, Ko‐Shan; Lin, Yujun

doi:10.3390/ma15155317

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Natural minerals used as flame-retardant coatings include montmorillonite, kaolinite, vermiculite, brucite, magnesite, wollastonite, bentonite, etc. [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Alkalic minerals can absorb harmful acidic gases released by flammable building materials under fire.…”

Section: Chemical Composition and Physical Micromorphology Of Flame-r...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Recent Research Advances on Flame-Retardant Coatings for Building Materials: Chemical Ingredients, Micromorphology, and Processing Techniques

2023

Molecules

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Developing fire-retardant building materials is vital in reducing fire loss. The design and preparation of novel fire-retardant coatings merely require the adhesion of flame retardants with high fire-retardant characteristics on the surface, which is significantly more economical than adding excessive amounts of flame retardants into bulk building materials. Meanwhile, fire-retardant coating has excellent performance because it can block the self-sustaining mechanisms of heat and mass transfer over combustion interfaces. In recent years, research of fire-retardant coatings for building materials has been subject to rapid development, and a variety of novel environmentally benign fire-retardant coatings have been reported. Nonetheless, as the surface characteristics of various flammable building materials are contrastively different, selecting chemical ingredients and controlling the physical morphology of fire-retardant coatings for specific building materials is rather complicated. Thus, it is urgent to review the ideas and preparation methods for new fire-retardant coatings. This paper summarizes the latest research progress of fire-retardant building materials, focusing on the compositions and performances of fire-retardant coatings, as well as the principles of their bottom-up design and preparation methods on the surface of building materials.

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Section: Chemical Composition and Physical Micromorphology Of Flame-r...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Review of Recent Research Advances on Flame-Retardant Coatings for Building Materials: Chemical Ingredients, Micromorphology, and Processing Techniques

2023

Molecules

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“…They usually achieve the function of fire prevention and thermal insulation by utilizing the low thermal conductivity and noncombustibility of the material itself [ 16 ]. Non-intumescent coatings have excellent characteristics, such as a long fire resistance time; are non-expansive, non-combustible, and non-explosive; and do not release harmful gases in the event of a fire [ 17 ]. However, this coating is usually thicker, more expensive, and heavier; thus, it is commonly used in practical applications for increasing fire protection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Inorganic Aluminum Phosphate-Based Flame Retardant and Thermal Insulation Coating and Performance Analysis

Cai

Guo

et al. 2023

Materials

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Currently, most thin-layer expandable coatings are polymer-based, with very few inorganic expandable coatings. Due to the high environmental friendliness of inorganic coatings, studying new types of inorganic coatings is of great significance. A novel amorphous aluminum phosphate-based flame-retardant coating was prepared by modifying it with nano-silica, hollow silica beads, hollow glass microspheres, and boron carbide. A comprehensive study was conducted on the flame retardancy and thermal insulation performance, composition and structural evolution under flame and physical and chemical properties, and the mechanisms of flame retardancy and thermal insulation were elucidated. Large-plate combustion testing, bonding strength testing, XRD, IR, TG-DSC, and SEM testing were all applied in this work. The synergistic effect of the four fillers was very obvious, and a series of AP22XY (nano-silica/silica beads/hollow glass microspheres/boron carbide = 2:2:0:4, 2:2:1:3, 2:2:2:2, 2:2:3:1, 2:2:4:0) coatings were prepared. The change in the ratio of glass microspheres to boron carbide had a significant impact on the composition and structural evolution of the coating, thus reflecting its effectiveness as a flame retardant and thermal insulation. Although decreasing the ratio would promote the formation of borosilicate glass and Al18B4O33 and improve the thermal stability of coatings, the structure inside of the coating, especially the skeleton, would be dense, which is not conducive to thermal insulation. When the ratio of glass microspheres to boron carbide is 3:1, AP2231 shows the best fire resistance. Under the combustion of butane flame at about 1200–1300 °C, the backside temperature reaches a maximum of 226 °C at 10 min, and then the temperature gradually decreases to 175 °C at 60 min. This excellent performance is mainly attributed to three aspects: (1) the foaming and expandability of coatings when exposed to fire, (2) the multiple endothermic reactions the coating undergoes, and (3) the improvement effect of boron carbide. Additionally, AP2231 shows the best bonding performance with a strength of close to 4.5 MPa after combustion, because of the appropriate content matching between borosilicate glass, Al18B4O33, and hollow glass microspheres. The coating has potential application prospects in the construction and transportation fields, such as the protection of structural steel, fire prevention in subways and tunnels, and the prevention of lithium battery fires.

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“…More fire-resistant are materials based on sintered phosphate-magnesia and magnesia binders. The former provide fire protection within 3 hours [7], the latter, more than 3.5 hours [8], but the common disadvantage of these materials is the appearance of chlorine odor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modern Materials for Fire Protection of Reinforced Concrete Agro-Industrial Structures

Petrova,

Manushkina,

Shevchuk

et al. 2023

KEM

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This article presents the results of fire properties of modern materials, namely geopolymer fire-insulating mixtures of domestic production to provide fire protection of reinforced concrete structures of the agroindustrial complex. According to the data of the fire test, it has been established that with the thickness of a fire-proof geopolymer coating of 10 mm no heating of the surface of a reinforced concrete specimen (300<380 °С) or of the armature at the depth of its embedding (124.5<500 °С) up to the limit states has been noted. It they shown that the protective coating reduces the critical temperature of brittle fracture of reinforced concrete by a factor of 1.3 during 180 minutes of the test. It has been note that due to the protective properties of the coating, the temperature of armature heating at the depth of its laying decreases 4 times in comparison with the unprotected reinforced concrete specimen during 180 minutes of the test. The mechanism of formation of an effective fine-pore structure in the coating with its developed and high heat-absorbing and dissipating capacity has been reveale due to the transition of the binder into the glass-like state, which prevents both physically and chemically bound water vapor from escaping into the hydrate new formations of the geopolymer binder.

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Inorganic Flame-Retardant Coatings Based on Magnesium Potassium Phosphate Hydrate

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Comprehensive Review of Recent Research Advances on Flame-Retardant Coatings for Building Materials: Chemical Ingredients, Micromorphology, and Processing Techniques

Comprehensive Review of Recent Research Advances on Flame-Retardant Coatings for Building Materials: Chemical Ingredients, Micromorphology, and Processing Techniques

A Novel Inorganic Aluminum Phosphate-Based Flame Retardant and Thermal Insulation Coating and Performance Analysis

Modern Materials for Fire Protection of Reinforced Concrete Agro-Industrial Structures

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