Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and high N application rate promote N2O emission and suppress CH4 uptake in a rotational vegetable system

Fan, Yaqiong; Hao, Xinmei; Carswell, Alison; Misselbrook, Tom; Ding, Risheng; Li, Sien; Kang, Shaozhong

doi:10.1016/j.still.2020.104848

Cited by 39 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The absence of distinct seasonal trends of CH 4 flux estimated in this study was also observed in other studies (Liu et al, 2015;Wang et al, 2015;Fan et al, 2021). Soil WFPS only explained 3.3% of the variations in CH 4 fluxes in the CK treatment.…”

Section: Ch 4 Fluxessupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Dong

Yang

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Split application of nitrogen (N) fertilizers during different crop growth stages to fulfill the crop N requirements reduces soil mineral N concentrations and improves the efficiency of crop N fertilizer use, and can decrease nitrous oxide (N2O) emission from the soil. However, inconsistent results regarding N2O emissions have been reported in rainfed areas. Furthermore, few long-term studies have explained the effects of split N application on soil methane (CH4) flux, thus limiting complete assessment of the effects of split N application on total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Therefore, long-term monitoring is urgently required to understand the impacts of split N application on GHG emissions in rainfed areas. In this study, a 6-year field experiment was conducted in a rainfed maize (Zea mays L.) field in Northeast China. The experiment included three treatments: no N application representing control (CK), single application at the sowing stage of maize (SU), and split N at the sowing and jointing stages at a ratio of 1: 2 (SF). Between the sowing and jointing stages, N2O emissions were significantly higher in SU than in SF. However, high N2O emissions were observed in SF for 1 month after N application at the jointing stage possibly because the time of N application coincided with optimum precipitation and soil temperature conditions, which stimulated N2O emissions. Overall, the total N2O emissions showed no significant difference between SU and SF. During the study period, split application of N fertilizer did not significantly affect the cumulative CH4 flux. Compared to CK, the yield-scaled GWP in SF treatment increased by 18.7% (p < 0.05). Ammonia (NH3) volatilization in SF was 272% higher than that in SU. The findings indicated that split N application exhibited an environmental risk by increasing the yield-scaled GWP and NH3 emissions in the field. Thus, this study suggested that single N application applied in the sowing stage should be employed in rainfed fields to mitigate the yield-scaled GWP and NH3 emissions, and maintain efficient maize yields.

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Section: Ch 4 Fluxessupporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Dong

Yang

Sun

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…More details on the variations of soil temperature and SWC during the entire experiment period for the four treatments could be found in Fan et al. (2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For inorganic‐N treatments, urea, Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 ·H 2 O, and K 2 SO 4 were applied as N, P, and K. The detailed fertilizer rate was shown in Fan et al. (2020, 2021). No basal fertilizer was applied for cucumber‐2016 for any treatments.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These top dressing products were not primarily used to add nutrients but to enhance the utilization of the previously applied organic fertilizer. For inorganic-N treatments, urea, Ca(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 •H 2 O, and K 2 SO 4 were applied as N, P, and K. The detailed fertilizer rate was shown in Fan et al (2020Fan et al ( , 2021. No basal fertilizer was applied for cucumber-2016 for any treatments.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The averaged soil temperatures at depth of 10 cm across four treatments were 21.5, 14.2, and 20.9°C during tomato-2016, cucumber-2016, and tomato-2017, respectively, and mean SWC was 24.5, 28.9, and 22.7% for the three seasons, respectively. More details on the variations of soil temperature and SWC during the entire experiment period for the four treatments could be found in Fan et al (2021).…”

Section: Mean Ecosystem Respirationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Soil temperature and bacterial diversity regulate the impact of irrigation and fertilization practices on ecosystem respiration

et al. 2021

Self Cite

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Understanding ecosystem respiration (R eco ) response to various management practices is important for the sustainable development of solar greenhouse systems, which represent a large and profitable industry in Northwest China. A tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)-cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)-tomato rotation experiment was conducted with four treatments including two irrigation levels (regular irrigation [RI] and low irrigation [LI]) and two N fertilizer sources (organic-N fertilizer [N1] and inorganic-N fertilizer [N2]). Ecosystem respiration and soil variables were measured multiple times. Mean R eco flux was 511, 319, and 437 mg m -2 h -1 for tomato-2016, cucumber-2016, and tomato-2017, respectively. Soil temperature was the most important factor affecting R eco magnitude. Tomato seasons with higher temperature had significantly greater R eco flux than the cucumber season. Organic-N fertilizer application can stimulate R eco flux, cumulative R eco , and R eco intensity mainly by providing favorable soil N and C condition for soil bacterial growth and activity, whereas the difference between irrigation levels was inconsistent. The fitted exponential function describing the relationship between R eco and soil temperature showed that the temperature sensitivity decreased from tomato-2016 to tomato-2017 for all treatments, corresponding to the continuously reduced soil bacterial alpha diversity. Soil bacterial Shannon index was an effective prediction factor for R eco in the relatively warmer and drier season, with an R 2 >.8 during tomato-2017. The RIN1 treatment consistently had the greatest cumulative R eco and the highest soil bacterial alpha diversity throughout the rotation. Further studies are needed on the mechanisms of how the change of soil properties would regulate the response of R eco to soil abiotic and biotic factors.

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Assessing the environmental impacts of organic and conventional mixed vegetable production based on the life cycle assessment approach

Temizyurek-Arslan

Karaçetin

2022

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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This study aims to assess the environmental impacts and the energy efficiency of organic and conventional vegetable production in Palas Basin, Kayseri, Turkey. Three organic and three conventional farmers representing the vegetable production in the region participated in face-to-face questionnaires. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was implemented to assess the global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), acidification potential (AP), and energy use, which were selected as environmental impact potentials. Additionally, the environmental risk assessment was conducted to understand the impact of pesticide use in the region. Six farmers were investigated individually, and it was found that all of the farmers had a common cultivation calendar, but there were differences in the application. Particularly, mineral fertilizer use and irrigation were excessive in some agricultural practices. Although the use of N-and P-based mineral fertilizers was one of the main differences between organic and conventional farming, irrigation was a common practice. Irrigation, the most influential practice, elevated not only water consumption but also EP, AP, and GWP as a result of electricity consumption by electrical pumps. Electricity consumption from irrigation contributed to the GWP most, and this value was in the range of 45%-95%. Mineral fertilizer use covered up to 40% of the EP, 31% of the GWP, and 37% of the AP for conventional farmers. Three different scenarios were developed to reduce the environmental impacts of the use of excessive mineral fertilizer and irrigation. The developed scenarios recommended the reductions by 38%, 44%, 25%, and 60% in GWP, EP, AP, and total energy inputs, respectively. This study demonstrates that LCA is beneficial in determining the environmental impact of hotspots in vegetable production and allows the development of different solutions to mitigate environmental impacts for agricultural sustainability.

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Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer and high N application rate promote N2O emission and suppress CH4 uptake in a rotational vegetable system

Cited by 39 publications

References 49 publications

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Effects of Split Application of Urea on Greenhouse Gas and Ammonia Emissions From a Rainfed Maize Field in Northeast China

Soil temperature and bacterial diversity regulate the impact of irrigation and fertilization practices on ecosystem respiration

Assessing the environmental impacts of organic and conventional mixed vegetable production based on the life cycle assessment approach

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