Inorganic particulates in removal of heavy metal toxic ions

Rational design of nanomaterials for water treatment

“…123 More importantly, this material showed high stability in water under a wide pH range attributed to its stable C-C bond and it remained stable at high temperature up to 270 o C. Other abundant and inexpensive polymers, such as polystyrene, polysaccharide, have also been tested in adsorption applications and showed good performances in the removal of heavy metals, organic dyes, organic compounds, etc. 126 Afkhami et al reported 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine modified aluminum oxide nanoparticles which showed the adsorption capacity of Pb(II) at 100 mg/g, Cd(II) at 83 mg/g, and Co(II) at 41 mg/g. For example, Dubey et al reported manganese oxide nanoparticles as good adsorbent for Hg 2+ .…”

Use of hydrous manganese dioxide as a potential sorbent for selective removal of lead, cadmium, and zinc ions from water

“…for the sorption by hydrous manganese dioxide (HMO) of cationic or anionic pollutants, i.e., heavy metal ions [14], arsenate [15], and phosphate [16], from natural waters has attracted considerable attention, because it would significantly mediate the fate and mobility of the targeted pollutants in water [17,18]. For example, Kanungo et al [19] and Kanungo et al [20] studied the sorption of Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) ions on HMO particles in the presence of different electrolytes.…”

Removal behavior of hydrous manganese oxide and hydrous stannic oxide for Cs(I) ions from aqueous solutions

“…counter for ␤-activity under condition of constant geometry. The other experimental details for the estimation of the amount adsorbed/desorbed were identical to those described in our earlier reports [26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

“…The percentage adsorption increased from 55.0% to 92.0% with the increase in bulk dilution (10 −2 to 10 −7 mol dm −3 ) for HMO and from 80.0% to 98.0% with the increased bulk dilution (10 −3 to 10 −8 mol dm −3 ). This increase in the percentage adsorption is explicable on the basis of the fact that a relatively smaller number of adsorptive species would be available at higher dilution for deposition on an equal number of surface sites of adsorbents [27][28][29]31]. …”