InP Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Applications

Abstract

As the most promising candidate for luminescent semiconductor materials in the future environmentally friendly society, InP nanocrystals (NCs) have attracted strong attention in the past decade. Tremendous efforts have been devoted to address the unstable and poor optical properties of InP NCs for practical applications. An extensive and in‐depth summary of existing literatures can not only provide an important reference for further optimizing of the optical properties of InP NCs, but also lay a foundation for subsequent related applications. In this review, the methods for the synthesis with different P sources and different ZnE (E = Se, S) shells are briefly summarized. The research progress in the optical properties investigation of InP/ZnE and InP/ZnE/ZnE NCs, including absorption, fluorescence, carrier dynamics, and nonlinear optics, are summarized. The relevant applications based on InP/ZnE and InP/ZnE/ZnE NCs are also presented, ranging from light emitting diodes, bioimaging, and solar cells to photocatalytic hydrogen production.

Extending Infrared Emission via Energy Transfer in a CsPbI3–Cyanine Dye Hybrid

“…Energy and electron transfer modulation in a semiconductor–molecular hybrid is a convenient approach to utilize excited states within light harvesting assemblies for optoelectronic and photocatalytic applications. , The tunable optical properties and surface chemistry of semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) have been utilized in solar cell, LED, and photocatalytic applications. − Among these materials, metal halide perovskites have drawn the attention of recent research efforts because of their tunable absorption and emission properties, high carrier mobility, , defect tolerance, and strong light–matter interactions. , The effective utilization of excited states for light harvesting applications is achieved through the design of hybrid assemblies of perovskite nanocrystals alongside chromophores and catalysts. − A significant advancement in the field involves tailoring semiconductor NC–chromophore assemblies to trigger processes like triplet–triplet annihilation (TTA) and singlet fission (SF) which can theoretically overcome the limitation of power conversion efficiency in conventional photovoltaic devices. − …”

Energy Cascade in Halide Perovskite-Multiple Chromophore Films: Direct versus Mediated Transfer

“…Energy transfer process in semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs)-dye based assemblies has emerged as a pivotal mechanism in the development of efficient energy harvesting and light emitting systems. − In recent years, there has been a notable effort toward channeling energy from semiconductor nanocrystals to sensitize dyes for photonic and optoelectronic applications. − The design of hybrid assemblies capable of capturing photons across a broad spectrum of visible and near-infrared wavelengths enable down conversion or up conversion of incident photons. , Of particular interest is the transfer of excited-state energy from semiconductor nanocrystals to surface bound organic molecules, which enable nonlinear processes like triplet–triplet annihilation and singlet fission. Such processes have the potential to overcome the power conversion efficiency limitation in photovoltaic devices. − These processes have also been considered in other applications such as solar energy conversion, − photocatalysis, , and bioimaging. − …”

Spectroscopic properties of yellow and red InP/ZnSe/ZnS quantum dots

“…Colloidal semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) show enormous potential in various applications, including light-emitting diodes, photodetectors and bioimaging due to their unparalleled optical properties, such as continuously tunable emission wavelength, high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), and feasible solution processability. 1–3 However, most QDs contain heavy metal elements, such as Cd or Pb, which greatly prevent their wide commercialization. 4 Therefore, there is an urgent need for scientists to search for environmentally friendly alternative materials.…”