“…In addition, geometry learning can improve PSMTs' mathematical abilities, specifically their reasoning and spatial abilities (Pitttalis & Christou, 2010). However, geometry, in particular, is a mathematical content identified as a major area, where learners fail to develop an adequate understanding of the concept, reasoning abilities, and problem-solving skills (Adolphus, 2011;Dimla, 2018;Hua et al, 2019;Mamali, 2015;MoE, 2017;Suantoa et al, 2019). Furthermore, Fyfe et al (2015) claimed that the misunderstandings of geometric concepts are the sources of the learning difficulties of other mathematical concepts.…”