Insect- And Other Arthropod-Associated Fungi

Benjamin, R. K.; Blackwell, Meredith; Chapela, Ignacio H.; Humber, Richard A.; Jones, Kevin G.; Klepzig, Kier D.; Lichtwardt, Robert W.; Malloch, David; Noda, Hiroaki; Roeper, Richard A.; Spatafora, Joseph W.; Weir, Alexander

doi:10.1016/b978-012509551-8/50021-0

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Suh et al (2005) found 650 yeasts living in beetle guts. Benjamin et al (2004) and Barron (2004) list less than 1,000 species for other groups of arthropod-and invertebrate-associated fungi. Based on host specificity data, Weir and Hammond (1997) estimated that there are between 20,000 and 50,000 Laboulbeniales species remaining to be found.…”

Section: Arthropod-associated Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

An estimate of the lower limit of global fungal diversity

2006

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We conservatively estimate that there is a minimum of 712,000 extant fungal species worldwide, but we recognize that the actual species richness is likely much higher. This estimate was calculated from the ratio of fungal species to plant species for various ecologically defined groups of fungi in well-studied regions, along with data on each groups' level of endemism. These calculations were based on information presented in the detailed treatments of the various fungal groups published in this special issue. Our intention was to establish a lower boundary for the number of fungal species worldwide that can be revised upward as more information becomes available. Establishing a lower boundary for fungal diversity is important as current estimates vary widely, hindering the ability to include fungi in discussions of ecology, biodiversity and conservation. Problems inherent in making these estimates, and the impact that additional data on fungal and plant species diversity will have on these estimates are discussed.

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Section: Arthropod-associated Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

An estimate of the lower limit of global fungal diversity

2006

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“…About 100 X. saxesenii females were caught live in Lindgren funnel traps baited with ethanol in Pineville, LA, USA (38 m asl; 31°20′, 92°24′) during the summer of 2007. Collection cups were filled with damp sterile filter paper and emptied twice daily to avoid microbial contamination of the beetles (Benjamin et al, 2004). In the laboratory, we surface-sterilized the beetles by rinsing them twice for a few seconds, first with 70% ethanol and afterwards with deionized water.…”

Section: Beetle Collection and Laboratory Breedingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundance and dynamics of filamentous fungi in the complex ambrosia gardens of the primitively eusocial beetleXyleborinus saxeseniiRatzeburg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

Biedermann

Klepzig

Taborsky

et al. 2012

FEMS Microbiol Ecol

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Insect fungus gardens consist of a community of interacting microorganisms that can have either beneficial or detrimental effects to the farmers. In contrast to fungus-farming ants and termites, the fungal communities of ambrosia beetles and the effects of particular fungal species on the farmers are largely unknown. Here, we used a laboratory rearing technique for studying the filamentous fungal garden community of the ambrosia beetle, Xyleborinus saxesenii, which cultivates fungi in tunnels excavated within dead trees. Raffaelea sulfurea and Fusicolla acetilerea were transmitted in spore-carrying organs by gallery founding females and established first in new gardens. Raffaelea sulfurea had positive effects on egg-laying and larval numbers. Over time, four other fungal species emerged in the gardens. Prevalence of one of them, Paecilomyces variotii, correlated negatively with larval numbers and can be harmful to adults by forming biofilms on their bodies. It also comprised the main portion of garden material removed from galleries by adults. Our data suggest that two mutualistic, several commensalistic and one to two pathogenic filamentous fungi are associated with X. saxesenii. Fungal diversity in gardens of ambrosia beetles appears to be much lower than that in gardens of fungus-culturing ants, which seems to result from essential differences in substrates and behaviours.

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“…Thalli of Laboulbeniales on the surface of the body of a host are easily distinguished from those other fungi by their unique morphology (Tavares, 1985;Benjamin et al, 2004). The mature thalli of laboulbenialean fungi were removed using tweezers, mounted on glass slides in Berlese solution and identified (Benjamin et al, 2004). The species of Laboulbeniales was identified under an optical microscope using taxonomic literature (Sugiyama, 1973;Terada, 1996bTerada, , 1998Rossi & Weir, 1997).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The beetles were then examined under a stereomicroscope for the presence of laboulbenialean fungi. Thalli of Laboulbeniales on the surface of the body of a host are easily distinguished from those other fungi by their unique morphology (Tavares, 1985;Benjamin et al, 2004). The mature thalli of laboulbenialean fungi were removed using tweezers, mounted on glass slides in Berlese solution and identified (Benjamin et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of infection of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by laboulbenialean fungi in different habitats

Sugiura¹,

Yamazaki²,

Masuya³

2010

Eur. J. Entomol.

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Abstract. The prevalence of obligate parasitic fungi may depend partly on the environmental conditions prevailing in the habitats of their hosts. Ectoparasitic fungi of the order Laboulbeniales (Ascomycetes) infect arthropods and form thalli on the host's body surface. Although several studies report the incidence of infection of certain host species by these fungi, quantitative data on laboulbenialean fungus-host arthropod interactions at the host assemblage level are rarely reported. To clarify the effects of host habitats on infection by ectoparasitic fungi, the incidence of infection by fungi of the genus Laboulbenia (Laboulbeniales) of overwintering carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) in three habitats, a riverside (reeds and vines), a secondary forest and farmland (rice and vegetable fields), were compared in central Japan. Of the 531 adults of 53 carabid species (nine subfamilies) collected in the three habitats, a Laboulbenia infection of one, five and one species of the carabid subfamilies Pterostichinae, Harpalinae and Callistinae, respectively, was detected. Three species of fungus were identified: L. coneglanensis, L. pseudomasei and L. fasciculate. The incidence of infection by Laboulbenia was higher in the riverside habitat (8.97% of individuals; 14/156) than in the forest (0.93%; 2/214) and farmland (0%; 0/161) habitats. Furthermore, the incidence of infection by Laboulbenia in the riverside habitat ranged from 0 to 33.3% and differed significantly in the ten microhabitats (riverbank, edge of track, tall reeds, kudzu vines, slope of a hollow, rotten wood, vine reeds, under stones, the shoulder of a terrace and marshy ground) where the carabid beetles overwintered. These results suggest that host habitats and microhabitats are closely associated with successful infection by laboulbenialean fungi.

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Insect- And Other Arthropod-Associated Fungi

Cited by 28 publications

References 0 publications

An estimate of the lower limit of global fungal diversity

An estimate of the lower limit of global fungal diversity

Abundance and dynamics of filamentous fungi in the complex ambrosia gardens of the primitively eusocial beetleXyleborinus saxeseniiRatzeburg (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae)

Incidence of infection of carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) by laboulbenialean fungi in different habitats

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