Insect Biodiversity in the Arctic

Hodkinson, I. D.

doi:10.1002/9781118945582.ch2

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 184 publications

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“…We fitted simple linear and segmented linear (hereafter referred to as "nonlinear") models to all time series data to assess support for nonlinear dynamics. Based on previous results and our understanding of Arctic arthropods in general (12,13,38), we expected the 1996-to-2016 declines to continue and to be apparent in trends of summed abundance. In addition, we expected family-level diversity to be relatively stable over the study period due to a lack of direct habitat disturbance and a lack of documented species immigrations to this area.…”

Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear trends in abundance and diversity and complex responses to climate change in Arctic arthropods

Høye

Loboda

Koltz

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Time series data on arthropod populations are critical for understanding the magnitude, direction, and drivers of change. However, most arthropod monitoring programs are short-lived and restricted in taxonomic resolution. Monitoring data from the Arctic are especially underrepresented, yet critical to uncovering and understanding some of the earliest biological responses to rapid environmental change. Clear imprints of climate on the behavior and life history of some Arctic arthropods have been demonstrated, but a synthesis of population-level abundance changes across taxa is lacking. We utilized 24 y of abundance data from Zackenberg in High-Arctic Greenland to assess trends in abundance and diversity and identify potential climatic drivers of abundance changes. Unlike findings from temperate systems, we found a nonlinear pattern, with total arthropod abundance gradually declining during 1996 to 2014, followed by a sharp increase. Family-level diversity showed the opposite pattern, suggesting increasing dominance of a small number of taxa. Total abundance masked more complicated trajectories of family-level abundance, which also frequently varied among habitats. Contrary to expectation in this extreme polar environment, winter and fall conditions and positive density-dependent feedbacks were more common determinants of arthropod dynamics than summer temperature. Together, these data highlight the complexity of characterizing climate change responses even in relatively simple Arctic food webs. Our results underscore the need for data reporting beyond overall trends in biomass or abundance and for including basic research on life history and ecology to achieve a more nuanced understanding of the sensitivity of Arctic and other arthropods to global changes.

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Section: Significancementioning

confidence: 99%

Nonlinear trends in abundance and diversity and complex responses to climate change in Arctic arthropods

Høye

Loboda

Koltz

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…In P. furcifera, clutch size was not significantly affected by elevation either, although, we found a tendency towards a higher number of eggs per clutch at high elevation. We argue that the high mobility of wolf spiders (Morse 1997;Beckers et al 2020) combined with behavioural traits such as sun basking (Hodkinson 2018) would allow individuals to buffer the impact of harsh conditions. This would result in a reduced elevational cline for fecundity, e.g.…”

Section: Fecunditymentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in abundance and life-history traits of two congeneric Arctic wolf spider species, Pardosa hyperborea and Pardosa furcifera, along local environmental gradients

et al. 2022

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The Arctic tundra is characterised by harsh conditions and environmental gradients are especially pronounced. Variation in functional traits along such gradients provide insights into the drivers of species abundance and distribution, and are particularly valuable in this region currently experiencing strong climate warming. Over three consecutive years, we analysed the interacting effect of two environmental factors, habitat and elevation, on the abundance, body size and clutch size in two common Low-Arctic invertebrate predators (Lycosidae, Araneae), Pardosa furcifera (Thorell 1875) and Pardosa hyperborea (Thorell 1872). Using generalised linear models, we firstly showed a habitat partitioning between P. furcifera, which dominated wet habitats like fens, and P. hyperborea, which was more associated with drier habitats like shrubs. Secondly, we found smaller body sizes at high elevation in P. hyperborea, a species that has a southern distribution in Greenland, and we identified season length as a major driver of the development in this species. In P. furcifera, a species likely more cold-adapted, we found no body size difference between elevations, suggesting that local conditions (e.g. prey availability or snowmelt timing) are more important in explaining body size variations. Finally, body size and clutch size were strongly correlated in both species, but clutch size was not affected by habitat or elevation. We argue that fecundity is likely influenced by trade-offs, and that considering additional complementary trait measurements would allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying patterns in species life-history traits along environmental gradients.

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“…The Antarctic terrestrial fauna has been isolated for over 28 Ma by the Southern Ocean and Circumpolar Current ( Sinclair and Stevens, 2006 ; Pugh and Convey, 2008 ) with mites and Collembola the only known terrestrial arthropods present on the continent ( Wise, 1967 ; Strandtmann, 1967 ; Wise, 1971 ). By contrast, the Arctic has remained largely contiguous with lower latitudes, allowing post-glacial migration and colonisation of arthropods from lower latitudes including Collembola, arachnids (spiders, mites, and pseudoscorpions), and a wide range of insects ( Danks, 1990 ; Hodkinson et al., 2013 ). In the Antarctic, this limited diversity leads to a simple, short, food web ( Adams et al., 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Higher species richness is found in the sub-Antarctic with 34 species on Macquarie Island alone ( Phillips et al., 2017 ). The Arctic supports at least 420 species of Collembola (only 14 of which are known endemics; Danks, 1990 ; Hodkinson et al., 2013 ). Collembola have been considered as indicators of environmental change ( Danks, 1992 ; Rusek 1998 ; Hopkin, 1997 ; Ponge et al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%