“…pretense and H. obscurus, ie, secondary metabolites present in the roots can elicit either attractant or repellent behaviour Tapia et al, 2005Tapia et al, , 2007Alarcón et al, 2010;Manosalva et al, 2011). Furthermore, plant-produced isoflavonoids act as phytoalexins and also as insect feeding deterrents (Sutherland et al, 1980) have been shown to play a role in Trifolium -pest interactions eg the isoflavones formononetin, genistein, and biochanin A, present in the leaves of T. subterraneum L. exhibit deterrent activity on the red-legged earth mite Halotydeus destructor (Tucker) (Acari: Penthaleidae) (Wang et al, 1998). Specifically, the accumulation of the isoflavonoid formononetin in the roots of resistant white clover is believed to exhibit a defensive role on the stem nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci (Cook et al, 1995), whilst the presence of formononetin in red clover may act as a deterrent against adult weevils, Sitona lepidus (Gyllenhal) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Gerard et al, (2005).…”