Insect homeostasis: past and future

Maddrell, S. H. P.

doi:10.1242/jeb.025916

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As insect Malpighian tubules are fluid-secreting tissues, tubule ion transport pathways have been extensively mapped (Beyenbach, 2003;O'Donnell et al, 2003;Spring et al, 2009;Wieczorek et al, 2009), with tubules from D. melanogaster holding the distinction of being the fastest fluid-transporting epithelia known in biology (Maddrell, 2009). However, much more remains to be discovered, including neuroendocrine control of ion transport and fluid secretion (Coast, 2007).…”

Section: The Malpighian Tubules As Stress Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell signalling mechanisms for insect stress tolerance

Davies

Cabrero

Overend

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Insects successfully occupy most environmental niches and this success depends on surviving a broad range of environmental stressors including temperature, desiccation, xenobiotic, osmotic and infection stress. Epithelial tissues play key roles as barriers between the external and internal environments and therefore maintain homeostasis and organismal tolerance to multiple stressors. As such, the crucial role of epithelia in organismal stress tolerance cannot be underestimated. At a molecular level, multiple cell-specific signalling pathways including cyclic cAMP, cyclic cGMP and calcium modulate tissue, and hence, organismal responses to stress. Thus, epithelial cell-specific signal transduction can be usefully studied to determine the molecular mechanisms of organismal stress tolerance in vivo. This review will explore cell signalling modulation of stress tolerance in insects by focusing on cell signalling in a fluid transporting epithelium -the Malpighian tubule. Manipulation of specific genes and signalling pathways in only defined tubule cell types can influence the survival outcome in response to multiple environmental stressors including desiccation, immune, salt (ionic) and oxidative stress, suggesting that studies in the genetic model Drosophila melanogaster may reveal novel pathways required for stress tolerance.

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Section: The Malpighian Tubules As Stress Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell signalling mechanisms for insect stress tolerance

Davies

Cabrero

Overend

et al. 2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The adult Drosophila excretory organ, the Malpighian tubules (MTs), comprise the fastest known fluid-transporting epithelium (Maddrell, 2009). MTs represent an anatomically simple adjunct of the digestive system consisting of initial, transitional, main and lower segments ( Figures 1A and S1A).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An abundant quiescent stem cell population inDrosophilaMalpighian tubules protects principal cells from kidney stones

Wang

Spradling

2019

Preprint

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Adult Drosophila Malpighian tubules have low rates of cell turnover but are vulnerable to damage caused by stones, like their mammalian counterparts, kidneys. We show that Drosophila renal stem cells (RSCs) comprise a unique, unipotent regenerative compartment. RSCs respond only to loss of nearby principal cells (PCs), cells critical for maintaining ionic balance. Perhaps due to the large size of PCs they are outnumbered by RSCs, which replace each lost cell with multiple PCs of lower ploidy. RSCs share a developmental origin with highly active intestinal stem cells (ISCs), and like ISCs generate daughters by asymmetric Notch signaling, yet RSCs remain quiescent in the absence of damage. Nevertheless, the capacity for RSC-mediated repair extends the lifespan of flies carrying kidney stones. We propose that abundant, RSC-like stem cells exist in other tissues with low rates of turnover where they may have been mistaken for differentiated tissue cells.

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“…Production of the hypoosmotic rectal fiuid suggests that electrolytes and other useful molecules are reabsorbed from the fiuid presumably in the Malpighian tubules or the hindgut of this insect before it is eliminated from the body. The ability of the insect Malpighian tubules to reabsorb and transport organic and inorganic solutes from the tubular fiuid apparently plays an important role in the maintenance of homeostasis (Maddrell 2009). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additional Ultrastructural Observations of the First Segments of Malpighian Tubules in Cenocorixa bifida (Hemiptera: Corixidae) in Relation to Reabsorption of Solutes

Jarial

Kelly-Worden

2011

Annals of the Entomological Society of America

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The ultrastructure of the first segment of the four-segmented Malpighian tubules of Cenocorixa hifida Hungerford (Hemiptera: Corixidae) is described. The first segment of each ofthe four tubules empties proximally into the midgut-hindgut junction. Its squamous epithelium is composed of a single layer of binucleated cells containing two types of mitochondria. The cells rest on a prominent basal lamina and possess short, shallow, widely spaced basal plasma membrane infoldings closely associated with large mitochondria and a few short blunt microvilli devoid of mitochondria projecting into the lumen. In sharp contrast, the fotirth segment cells that are secretory in function, display numerous, long basal membrane infoldings that penetrate deeply into the cytoplasm and numerous long microvilli at the luminal border. The cytoplasm ofthe first segment cells contains dense bodies, small mitochondria, microtubules, vesicles, and vacuoles and is rich in smooth endoplasmic reticulum, giving rise to clear vacuoles, but rough endoplasmic reticula and Golgi apparati are sparse. The apical plasma membrane is covered with glycocalyx and displays coated pits pinching off coated vesicles. The apical cytoplasm displays numerous vesicles containing fine granular material, smooth vesicles, dense tubules, large vacuoles, primary lysosomes, and multivesicular bodies. The lateral plasma membranes are linked by extensive junctional complexes each composed of an apical smooth septate junction, intercalated gap junctions, and a basal heterocellular scalariform junction. The contrast in ultrastructural features between ofthe first segment and fourth segment cells suggests that the first segment is involved in reabsorption than secretion of inorganic and organic solutes.

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Insect homeostasis: past and future

Cited by 15 publications

References 27 publications

Cell signalling mechanisms for insect stress tolerance

Cell signalling mechanisms for insect stress tolerance

An abundant quiescent stem cell population inDrosophilaMalpighian tubules protects principal cells from kidney stones

Additional Ultrastructural Observations of the First Segments of Malpighian Tubules in Cenocorixa bifida (Hemiptera: Corixidae) in Relation to Reabsorption of Solutes

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