Insect Incidence and Damage on Pearl Millet (<i>Pennisetum glaucum</i>) Under Various Nitrogen Regimes in Alabama

Obeng, Eric; Cebert, Ernst; Ward, Rufina; Nyochembeng, Leopold M.; Mays, D. A.; Singh, H. P.; Singh, Bharat

doi:10.1653/024.098.0113

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The emergence of larva at the period could be attributed to availability of food for their survival. In agreement with this result, Obeng et al (2015) reported that insect numbers peaked during the reproductive stage of the crop at flowering through seed filling stages of the crop. This contrasts with the result of Sarao and Mahal (2012), who obtained a strong correlation between plant height and percentage dead-hearts formation, there was no correlation between dead-heart and plant height.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…According to Sastawa et al (2002) and Barau et al (2015), it is the most widespread and damaging insect pest of pearl millet in Nigeria. The larvae (caterpillars) infest all the plant growth stages; burrow tunnel into the stems causing them to fall over (lodging), 'dead hearts' and poor grain development (Obeng et al, 2015). In Northern Nigeria, the pest has been reported to infest 75.5% of the total pearl millet farms in the region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R. Br.)) landraces for resistance to stem borer (Coniesta ignefusalis Hampson.) infestation

et al. 2020

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Characterisation of germplasm collection is imperative for identification and selection of new resistance sources in any crop breeding programmes. Thus, evaluation of pearl millet germplasm for resistance to stem borer infestation was carried out in view of the challenges of poor yield and quality reduction of pearl millet, elicited by its feeding activities. Thirty-five (35) pearl millet accessions were collected from different states where the crop is majorly cultivated in Nigeria. The accessions were characterised for resistance to stem borer infestation on the field. Further confirmation for selected potentially resistant accessions under artificial screen house conditions was done using a randomised complete block design (RCBD) with ten replications each. The field estimated selection index showed that out of the 35 accessions screened, 15 accessions were potentially resistant; 13 resistants with range value of 0.00 to 0.40 and 2 moderately resistant. Further nursery screening confirmed 9 of the 15 accessions to be resistant under artificial infestation. NS-JIL-01 accession was most highly resistant with significant least leaf damage score of 0.25. Significant and positive correlation (r = 0.32) was obtained between days to anthesis and number of larvae per plant at p < 0.01. Negative correlation of percentage internodes damage with panicle diameter (-0.26) and panicle weight (-0.25 gn) at p < 0.01 as well as weight of 1000 seeds (r = -0.19, p < 0.05) were also significant. The identification of potentially resistant accessions on field and confirmation of some of the accessions under artificial screen house conditions indicated, gene for resistance to stem borer infestation in pearl millet could be obtained from the natural eco-type germplasm.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R. Br.)) landraces for resistance to stem borer (Coniesta ignefusalis Hampson.) infestation

et al. 2020

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“…Leptoglossus phyllopus, the destruction was more prevalent later in the season when grain filling was at its peak. Leptoglossus phyllopus is known to be a grain feeder of pearl millet in Nigeria., Obeng, et al, (2015) also identified Apis mellifera, Coleomegilla maculate, Danaus plexippus, Epicauta pestifera, Euschistus servus, Harmonia axyridis, Helicoverpa zea, Halictus spp., Leptoglossus phyllopus, Melanoplus differentialis, and Schistocerca americana insect species as very dangerous to pearl millet production at all levels.…”

Section: Replacement Of Local Varieties With Modern Cultivarsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L. R. Rr.]) Varietal Loss and its Potential Impact on Smallholder Farmers in Northern Nigeria: A Review

Abubakar¹,

Mohammed²,

Lewu³

et al. 2021

JTS

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Pearl millet is an alternative source of livelihood for poor farmers who use it to supplement food and income. Pearl millet has high medicinal value and its consumption reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes, constipation, and anemia. Pearl millets are an excellent source of protein and fiber, and a great source of starch, making it a high-energy food. It is an exceptional food source for babies from six months of age because it has high nutrients and is easily digestible. Pearl millet is the most widely cultivated millet varieties in the world. The cereal crop is grown in arid, infertile, marginal lands in Africa and Asia, and cope with unpredictable climatic conditions. Nigeria is the second-largest producer of pearl millet in the world with a tremendous amount of pearl millet diversity. However, there is growing recognition that the diversity of pearl millet in northern Nigeria is vastly diminishing thereby affecting the livelihood of smallholder farmers. This paper reviews the erosion of pearl millet, multiple drivers of loss of local varieties of pearl millet and presents some of the strategies that can be implemented to save the erosion of its diversity in northern Nigeria.

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“…A recent study found that insects belonging to six orders and 11 families were found to herbivore on pearl millet in the southern United States (Obeng et al 2015). Eastern leaf-footed stinkbug (Leptoglossus phyllopus (L.), Hemiptera: Coreidae), American bird grasshopper (Schistocerca americana Drury; Orthoptera: Acrididae) and the differential grasshopper (Melanoplus differentialis (Thomas: Orthoptera: Acrididae) were the most prevalent and dominant species.…”

Section: Insect Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Designing of Pearl Millet: A Resilient Crop for Arid and Semi-arid Environments

Serba

Yadav

Varshney

et al. 2020

Genomic Designing of Climate-Smart Cereal Crops

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Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.; Syn. Cenchrus americanus (L.) Morrone] is the sixth most important cereal in the world. Today, pearl millet is grown on more than 30 million ha mainly in West and Central Africa and the Indian sub-continent as a staple food for more than 90 million people in agriculturally marginal areas. It is rich in proteins and minerals and has numerous health benefits such as being gluten-free and having slow-digesting starch. It is grown as a forage crop in temperate areas. It is drought and heat tolerant, and a climate-smart crop that can withstand unpredictable variability in climate. However, research on pearl millet improvement is lagging behind other major cereals mainly due to limited investment in terms of man and money power. So far breeding achievements include the development of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), maintenance counterparts (rf) system and nuclear fertility restoration genes (Rf) for hybrid breeding, dwarfing genes for reduced height, improved input responsiveness, photoperiod neutrality for short growing season, and resistance to important diseases. Further improvement of pearl millet for genetic yield potential, stress tolerance, and nutritional quality traits would enhance food and nutrition security for people living in agriculturally dissolute environments. Application of molecular technology in the pearl millet breeding program has a promise in enhancing the selection efficiency while shortening the lengthy phenotypic selection process

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Insect Incidence and Damage on Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum) Under Various Nitrogen Regimes in Alabama

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Evaluation of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R. Br.)) landraces for resistance to stem borer (Coniesta ignefusalis Hampson.) infestation

Evaluation of pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum L. (R. Br.)) landraces for resistance to stem borer (Coniesta ignefusalis Hampson.) infestation

Pearl Millet (Pennisetum glaucum [L. R. Rr.]) Varietal Loss and its Potential Impact on Smallholder Farmers in Northern Nigeria: A Review

Genomic Designing of Pearl Millet: A Resilient Crop for Arid and Semi-arid Environments

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