Insect midgut structures and molecules as targets of plant‐derived protease inhibitors and lectins

Napoleão, Thiago Henrique; Albuquerque, Lidiane Pereira de; Santos, Nataly Diniz de Lima; Nova, Isabella C V; Lima, Tânia Andrade; Paiva, Patrícia Maria Guedes; Pontual, Emmanuel Viana

doi:10.1002/ps.5233

Cited by 73 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Insecticidal activity of chitin‐binding lectins has been attributed to their interaction with chitin and glycoconjugates containing N ‐acetylglucosamine residues . The three lectins investigated in this work are chitin‐binding proteins; however, as previously stated, they differ in liquid net charge, molecular mass, and carbohydrate‐binding specificity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Ovicidal lectins from Moringa oleifera and Myracrodruon urundeuva cause alterations in chorionic surface and penetrate the embryos of Aedes aegypti eggs

Alves

Soares

Bento

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND: Lectins from Moringa oleifera seeds (WSMoL), Myracrodruon urundeuva bark (MuBL), and heartwood (MuHL) are larvicidal agents against Aedes aegypti; in addition, WSMoL is an ovicidal agent against this mosquito. In this work, we evaluated the ovicidal activity of MuBL and MuHL by determining the concentrations that reduce the hatching rates by 50% in 72 h (EC 50 ). The effects of WSMoL, MuBL, and MuHL on the ultrastructure of the eggs' surface were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In addition, the ability of these lectins to penetrate the eggs was investigated by using conjugates of the lectins with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). RESULTS: MuBL andMuHL were ovicidal agents with EC 50 of 0.26 and 0.80 mg/mL (260 and 800 ppm), respectively. SEM images of eggs treated with WSMoL for 24 h revealed discontinuity of the exochorionic network and the absence of the exochorionic cells and their tubercles. After 48 and 72 h of incubation, strong deformation and degeneration of egg surfaces were observed. In MuBL and MuHL-treated eggs, the presence of lumps on the surface of the eggs, disappearance of the exochorionic network and the decrease and deformation of tubercles were observed. Lastly, fluorescence microscopy revealed that the three lectins were able to enter the eggs and reach the digestive tract of the embryos. CONCLUSION: WSMoL, MuBL, and MuHL are ovicidal agents on A. aegypti that have differing efficiencies in terms of how they cause alterations in the chorionic surface and in terms of their ability to penetrate the eggs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Ovicidal lectins from Moringa oleifera and Myracrodruon urundeuva cause alterations in chorionic surface and penetrate the embryos of Aedes aegypti eggs

Alves

Soares

Bento

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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“…The activity of serine proteases in the fifth instar was affected dramatically, leaving a residual activity of 48.2%, corroborating with the results of Oliveira, De Simone, Xavier, and Guedes (). The sub‐subclass of the serine endopeptidases (EC 3.4.21) is known to comprise the main proteases of Lepidoptera (Oliveira et al, ; Srinivasan, Giri, & Gupta, ; Paixao, ; Napoleão et al, ; Pilon et al, ). However, the present study indicated that this relevance occurs strongly only for the fifth instar, the stage of larval development in which enzymatic characterization studies are commonly performed, as they provide a better yield of total proteases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal proteolytic profile changes during larval development of Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars

Junior

Vital

Barros

et al. 2019

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Soybean is one of most consumed and produced grains in the world, and Anticarsia gemmatalis is a pest that causes great damage to this crop due to severe defoliation during its larval phase. Plants have mechanisms that lead to the inhibition of proteases in the intestine of these herbivores, hampering their development. Understanding this complex protease inhibitor is important for pest control. The objective of this study was to evaluate the enzymatic profiles of the intestinal proteases of the soybean caterpillar at different instars. For this, the proteolytic profile of the gut in the third, fourth, and fifth instars were analyzed.Irreversible inhibitors of proteases were separately incubated with A. gemmatalis enzyme extracts at the third, fourth, and fifth instar to assess the contribution of these proteases to total proteolytic activity. The enzymatic extracts were also evaluated with specific substrates to confirm changes in the specific activities of trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like, and cysteine proteases at different instars. The results showed that the protease profile of A.gemmatalis gut changes throughout its larval development.The activity of cysteine proteases was more intense in the first instar. On the contrary, the serine proteases The protease profile of the gut of A. gemmatalis changes throughout larval development. In the third instar, cysteine protease activity is predominant over others. In the fourth and fifth instars, proteolytic activity is mainly due to serine proteases. This difference in activity in the different instars of A. gemmatalis suggests that the expression of the genes coding for proteases also changes throughout the development of the insect. Using serine PIs is a good strategy for controlling insect pests, as these are the main proteolytic enzymes of Lepidoptera. However, the presence of other important protease subclasses in insect digestibility suggests that a combination of serine and cysteine PIs may be promising, aiming to compromise larval development at different instars.

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“…Lectins have received much attention for their remarkable pesticidal activities and their potential for pest control applications (e.g., insect-resistant transgenic crops) [36][37][38]. In particular, lectins comprise the best available toxins and display a wide array of molecular targets for the control of hemipteran pests [39][40][41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concanavalin A Toxicity Towards Potato Psyllid and Apoptosis Induction in Midgut Cells

Tang

Ibáñez

Tamborindeguy

2020

Insects

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Concanavalin A (ConA), a legume lectin, has been drawing increasing attention in recent years concerning its toxicity against insects and its potential application in pest management. In an attempt to evaluate the effect of ConA on potato psyllid (Bactericera cockerelli), an economically important pest of solanaceous crops, the effect of ConA on potato psyllid survival, psyllid gut nuclear morphology, and expression of psyllid caspase genes were evaluated. Our results determined that artificial diet-feeding assays using ConA had deleterious effects on potato psyllids, resulting in significant psyllid mortality following ingestion. We also found that an apoptotic response was induced by ConA in psyllid midgut cells, which was demonstrated by the DNA fragmentation and abnormal nuclear architecture in the midgut cells. Following ConA ingestion, there was also upregulation of caspase genes in the psyllid midguts. Therefore, a key mechanism behind ConA toxicity towards potato psyllid probably involves the induction of apoptosis in midgut cells. This study could provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying ConA toxicity in insects and be a stepping stone towards the development of new psyllid control strategies based on plant lectins.

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Insect midgut structures and molecules as targets of plant‐derived protease inhibitors and lectins

Cited by 73 publications

References 71 publications

Ovicidal lectins from Moringa oleifera and Myracrodruon urundeuva cause alterations in chorionic surface and penetrate the embryos of Aedes aegypti eggs

Ovicidal lectins from Moringa oleifera and Myracrodruon urundeuva cause alterations in chorionic surface and penetrate the embryos of Aedes aegypti eggs

Intestinal proteolytic profile changes during larval development of Anticarsia gemmatalis caterpillars

Concanavalin A Toxicity Towards Potato Psyllid and Apoptosis Induction in Midgut Cells

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