Insect pests of forest trees

Prade, Patricia; Coyle, David R.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-18694-3.00014-6

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…From a forestry perspective, canopy biodiversity has long been considered unnecessary, as forest management ensured efficient economic use. This is changing with climate change, which is forcing a fundamental transformation of forests and management practices to control pests and invasive species and to secure economic sustainability and ecosystem services (Bongers et al 2021;Harvey et al 2023;Prade and Coyle 2023).…”

Section: Guild Composition Of Ordinal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For a full discussion see (Floren et al 2022a). In addition to drought-induced dieback and ash dieback, another threat is the rapidly spreading of the emerald ash borer, Agrilus planipennis (Buprestidae) in Europe, which has caused mass mortality of native ash species in eastern North America (Hultberg et al 2020;Prade and Coyle 2023). This means that all options must be considered to prevent such scenarios, including accepting the presence of F. pennsylvanica.…”

Section: The Ecological Role Of F Pennsylvanicamentioning

confidence: 99%

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The ecological role of Fraxinus for species diversity in floodplain forests

Floren,

Horchler,

Sprick

et al. 2024

Preprint

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To assess how different tree species contribute to overall diversity and system function, we sampled 99 trees by fogging in Elbe floodplain forests and collected 182,179 arthropods, of which 25,861 (14.2%) were beetles. Ninety percent of all beetle individuals and 65% of the beetle species were associated with the canopy. Beetles of the herb and soil layer contributed 35% to canopy richness, but represented only 8% of all individuals. Beetle communities differed significantly in diversity, structure and functional composition between tree species, suggesting different roles in maintaining diversity. Two types of communities could be distinguished: 1) those with high proportions of specialists that formed a predictable framework, characterised by high alpha diversity and low within-beta diversity such as those on Quercus robur and Ulmus laevis, and 2) those on Fraxinus excelsior with predominantly non-specific beetles, characterised by high alpha and high beta diversity. We found that the distribution of the most abundant zoophagous and second most abundant phytophagous guilds in the beetle- and ordinal communities was similar for all trees but differed significantly between tree species. This suggests strong top-down control of herbivore populations. These results indicate that a comprehensive assessment of tree canopy diversity is necessary and overdue to understand the ecological processes that ensure the functioning of forest ecosystems and the provision of ecological services.

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Section: Guild Composition Of Ordinal Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Ecological Role Of F Pennsylvanicamentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological role of Fraxinus for species diversity in floodplain forests

Floren,

Horchler,

Sprick

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…In most cases, insect mass outbreaks do not kill the host tree; however, the outbreaks weaken the defense mechanisms of trees, inducing further attacks by other pests and pathogens [ 32 ]. Therefore, to control the massive expansion of insect pests, the application of additional measures is required [ 33 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Biologically Active Compounds in Pinus sylvestris Needles after Lymantria monacha Outbreaks and Treatment with Foray 76B

Čėsna,

Čėsnienė,

Sirgedaitė-Šėžienė

et al. 2024

Plants

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Due to climate warming, the occurrence of Lymantria monacha outbreaks is predicted to become more frequent, causing repeated and severe damage to conifer trees. Currently, the most effective way to control the outbreaks is aerial spraying with the bioinsecticide Foray 76B. The present study aimed to determine the impact of both: (i) L. monacha outbreaks and (ii) treatment with Foray 76B on tree resistance through the synthesis of polyphenols (TPC), flavonoids (TFC), photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a and b, carotenoids), lipid peroxidation (MDA), and soluble sugars (TSS) in Pinus sylvestris needles. Samples were collected from visually healthy (control), damaged/untreated, and damaged/Foray 76B-treated plots in 2020 and 2021 (following year after the outbreaks). The results revealed that L. monacha outbreaks contributed to the increase in TPC by 34.1% in 2020 and 26.7% in 2021. TFC negatively correlated with TPC, resulting in 17.6% and 11.1% lower concentrations in L. monacha-damaged plots in 2020 and 2021, respectively. A decrease in MDA was found in the damaged plots in both 2020 and 2021 (10.2% and 23.3%, respectively), which was associated with the increased synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in 2021. The research results also showed that in the following year after the outbreaks, the increase in the synthesis of photosynthetic pigments was also affected by the treatment with Foray 76B. Moreover, the increase in the synthesis of TPC and photosynthetic pigments in the damaged plots in 2021 illustrates the ability of pines to keep an activated defense system to fight biotic stress. Meanwhile, a higher synthesis of photosynthetic pigments in Foray 76B-treated plots indicates a possible effect of the treatment on faster tree growth and forest recovery after L. monacha outbreaks.

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