Insect Pheromones

Mechanisms of recruitment for the retrieval of food in Amitermes evuncifer Silvestri (Isoptera: Termitidae: Termitinae)

“…On the other hand Butler (1967) found that the intensity of an odour trail and its attraction to potential foragers vary with the amount and quality of the food supply. It is quite clear that in several ant species, scouts initially use visual orientation to randomly search for food independently; the rewarded scout then communicates the discovered food by laying pheromonal trail from the source to the nest (Carthy, 1951;Wilson, 1965;Leuthold, 1968;SzlepFessel, 1970;Holldobler, 1971Holldobler, , 1976Moglich and Holldobler, 1975;Jaffe and Howse, 1979).…”

“…light and gravity) are used by Hospitalitermes to make up for the directional ambivalence of the odour trail. However, Butler (1967) observed that when a wandering ant finds a trail along which ants are running in both directions, she can probably tell in which direction to run to reach either the nest or the food, because most home-returning ants will be carrying booty (food), whereas those running towards the food will have none. From this study, home-returning foragers of Amitermes evuncifer were observed carrying food from food sources (food arena) to their nest.…”

Ocorrência e morfometria de glândulas tegumentares abdominais em Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

“…Identificado como 2-heptanona (Shearer & Boch, 1965;Simpson, 1966;Butler, 1967;Morse & alii, 1967). A segunda fonte do feromOnio de alarme está associada ao ferrão o isoamil-acetato, (Boch & alii, 1962;Ghent & Gary, 1962;Maschwitz, 1964;Morse & alii, 1967;Blum, 1969).…”

Queen Replacement in Dequeened Colonies of the Argentine Ant Iridomyrmex Humilis (Mayr)

“…Replacement of killed or damaged queen by a new inseminated queen produced in the same nest is regularly accomplished in honey bees (Butler, 1967;Wilson, 1971;Michener, 1974). In the lower termites, e.g., Calotermes, it has been known for a long time that the removal of the sexual pair leads to the differentiation of neotenic reproductives from larval, pseudergate or nymphal forms (Grass6 and Noirot, 1946;Nagin, 1972).…”