Insect resistance in potatoes: sources, evolutionary relationships, morphological and chemical defenses, and ecogeographical associations

Abstract

The past 25 years, 1686 potato accessions, representing 100 species in the genus Solanum L ., subgenus Potatoe, section Petota, were evaluated for field resistance to one or more of the following insect pests : green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) ; potato aphid, Macrosiphum euphorbiae (Thomas) ; Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) ; potato flea beetle, Epitrix cucumeris (Harris) ; and potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) . Accessions highly resistant to green peach aphid were identified within 36 species, to potato aphid within 24 species, to Colorado potato beetle within 10 species, to potato flea beetle within 25 species, and to potato leafhopper within 39 species . Resistance levels were characteristic within Solanum species . Insect resistance appears to be a primitive trait in wild potatoes . Susceptibility was most common in the primitive and cultivated Tuberosa . Insect resistance was also characteristic of the most advanced species . The glycoalkaloid tomatine was associated with field resistance to Colorado potato beetle and potato leafhopper . Other glycoalkaloids were not associated with field resistance at the species level .Dense hairs were associated with resistance to green peach aphid, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper .Glandular trichomes were associated with field resistance to Colorado potato beetle, potato flea beetle, and potato leafhopper . Significant correlations between insect score and altitude of original collection were observed in six of thirteen species . Species from hot and arid areas were associated with resistance to

Use of a detached leaf screening method for segregating Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) resistant Solanum hybrid lines

“…(S. cph, P 2 , 2n 0 2x 024) is susceptible to CPB (Flanders et al 1992;Chen et al 2003). A hybrid line (F 1 ) from this cross was selected and backcrossed as a female to S. cph in order to generate backcross progeny.…”

“…Wild species are considered important donors of genes for plant pest resistance in potatoes (Flanders et al 1992). The mode of resistance to CPB in wild potato species (Pelletier et al 1999) and development of potato varieties resistant to CPB have been extensively reviewed (Tingey and Yencho 1994;Pelletier and Tai 2001).…”

“…(Bouarte-Medina et al 2002) were used as a source of resistance to CPB and to identify the molecular markers for resistance. Solanum pinnatisectum Dun., a Mexican wild potato, has also shown resistance to CPB (Flanders et al 1992;Chen et al 2003). The use of wild genotypes expressing high levels of insect resistance as parents increases the chances of breeding a line expressing an acceptable level of insect resistance along with other required traits (Kogan 1975).…”

Aphid resistance in potato

“…Многолетние исследования устойчивости видового разнообразия картофеля к тлям и другим насекомым поды тожены в обзоре (Flanders et al, 1992 (PI 195167, PI 201855, PI 275248).…”

Resistência de genótipos de batata (Solanum spp.) a Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

“…Neste contexto, na década de 40, iniciou-se nos EUA um programa de melhoramento de batata visando à resistência ao crisomelídeo Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say, a partir da batata selvagem mexicana Solanum demissum Lindl. e outras espécies selvagens (TORKA, 1950), como S. berthaultii Hawkes, que tem sido utilizada com freqüência em vários programas de desenvolvimento de plantas resistentes de batata a L. decemlineata (FLANDERS et al, 1992, FRANÇA & TINGEY, 1994, FRANÇA et al, 1994. Essa espécie vem sendo utilizada na Universidade de Cornell, como fonte de resistência a vários insetos e ácaros, levando a bons resultados, inclusive com seus híbridos obtidos com S. tuberosum (GREGORY et al, 1986, TINGEY, 1991PLAISTED et al, 1992).…”