Insecticide residues in the blood serum and domestic water source of cacao farmers in Southwestern Nigeria

Sosan, Mosudi Babatunde; Akingbohungbe, A. E.; Ojo, I. A. O.; Durosinmi, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.015

Cited by 56 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, human exposure to organochlorine pesticides could result in some health challenges. Thyroid hormonal imbalance, hormonal related cancers such as in breast and prostate; childhood developmental disorders and diabetes are major effects of organochlorine pesticides on human health [18]. In line with this, β-HCH and dieldrin, which were also found in this study, were significantly associated with prostate cancer prevalence [19].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

“…This implies that human exposure to organochlorine pesticides could result in bioaccumulation of pesticide residues in the tissues. Diazion, endosulfan, propoxur and lindane organochlorine pesticides which have been reported to have been detected in the blood serum of 42 out of the 76 cocoa farmers examined from south-western Nigeria [18] confirmed the potentials of the pesticides to bio-accumulate in human tissues. By implication, farmers in the study areas and the consumers of their farm produce may possess some residues of this class of pesticide in their body system and hence this necessitates a prompt action to prevent further contamination of the food chain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

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Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Dried Cocoa

Olaniran

Ajiboye

Adebayo

et al. 2016

ILNS

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ABSTRACT. Organochlorine pesticide residues in dried cocoa beans from selected towns in Ondo and Osun States, Nigeria were determined. Four towns Ondo and Idanre (Ondo State) and Ife and Ilesa (Osun State) were selected to represent cocoa producing areas in the states. Samples were extracted and cleaned-up on silica gel adsorbent. Pesticide residues were detected using Gas Chromatography -Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Five organochlorine pesticides were detected in the samples from Ondo state which includes alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, delta-HCH, endrin and p p' DDT. The levels of p p' DDT (0.108 mg/kg and 0.107 mg/kg) detected in samples from Ondo and Idanre towns were lower than the EU MRL (0.5 mg/kg), while other detected organochlorine pesticide residues from the State were higher than the EU MRL. In Osun State, alpha-HCH, lindane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor-epoxide, endosulfan I and p p' DDT were organochlorine pesticide residues detected, with lindane (0.074 mg/kg), endosulfan I (0.099 mg/kg) and p p' DDT (0.235 mg/kg) being lower than EU MRLs. Higher levels of organochlorine pesticide residues than the EU MRLs suggest that the produce were not safe for human consumption because of the tendency of the pestsides to persist for a long period of time and as well bioaccumulate within the environment. The produce can also face trade threat in international market. Measures were suggested to ameliorate this situation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 74%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Dried Cocoa

Olaniran

Ajiboye

Adebayo

et al. 2016

ILNS

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“…However, despite this observation, the long term consumption of such trace concentrations in food substances have been implicated as the major source of chronic exposure to pesticide with residues now commonly found in human tissues. Diazinon have the tendency to accumulate in human system, this was confirmed by a study carried out by Sosan et al (2008) where pesticides residues were found in six human blood serum. For dimethoate, mean concentration ranged from ND to 4.28 µg/kg (USI).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 52%

Multi-residue levels of organophosphorus pesticides in cocoa beans from some cocoa farms in Ekiti state, Nigeria

Ibigbami

Aiyesanmi

Adeyeye

et al. 2017

Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res.

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This study investigated the level and occurrence of 13 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs) residues in cocoa beans from some cocoa farms in Ekiti state, Nigeria. The pesticides in the cocoa beans were extracted and cleaned up on silica gel adsorbent. A gas chromatograph coupled with flame photometric detector (FPD) was used to quantify the pesticides. The reliability of the analytical method was examined by spiking the beans with known concentration of the pesticides and analysed following similar procedure of extraction and clean-up. The percentage of pesticides recovered ranged from 88% to 92%. Dichlorvos, mevinfos, diazinon, chlorpyrifos, dimethoate and parathion were detected with varying concentration in the bean samples whilst phosphamidon, pirimiphos-methyl, fenthion, bromophos, isofenfos, diclofenthion and ethion showed no detectable level. The concentration of OPPs ranged from ND - 58μg/kg and ND - 85μg/kg for the dry and wet seasons respectively. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed no significant variation (p ˃ 0.05) in the levels of all detectable pesticides among the sampled farms whilst dichlorvos, diazinon, dimethoate and chlorpyrifos showed significant difference between both seasons. Residual levels of these detectable pesticides were below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by the European Union in food. Hence, the cocoa beans from the study areas are considered safe for consumption.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(4), 281-288, 2017

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“…However, with the exception of S4 (0.06 µg/L) at a distance 0-15 m, all the other sites within the various distances recorded mean values below the WHO MRL of 0.05 µg/L for drinking water. According to Sosan et al (2008), diazinon is a category II insecticide which is moderately hazardous with acute oral lethal Dose of ≥ 50 ≤500 and is capable of causing acute and chronic intoxication. The diazinon mean value recorded in this work was lower than the mean value of 16.65 µg/L reported by Sosan et al (2008) in domestic water sources from cocoa farms in SouthWestern Nigeria.…”

Section: Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to Sosan et al (2008), diazinon is a category II insecticide which is moderately hazardous with acute oral lethal Dose of ≥ 50 ≤500 and is capable of causing acute and chronic intoxication. The diazinon mean value recorded in this work was lower than the mean value of 16.65 µg/L reported by Sosan et al (2008) in domestic water sources from cocoa farms in SouthWestern Nigeria. Also, the mean diazinon residue levels (below detection-0.04 µg/L) as shown in Table 3 were far lower than the range of ND-185.5 µg/L that was reported by Essumang et al (2009) in water samples from Lagoons in Ghana.…”

Section: Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues In Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

et al. 2016

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Background: Pests and diseases are recognised as major factors responsible for the decline in cocoa yield in Ghana. This has resulted in an increased use of pesticides to increase productivity. The regular application and indiscriminate use of chemicals have been associated with unintended environmental and human health consequence. The objective of this study was to determine levels of 13 organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources in and around cocoa farms in Brong Ahafo region of Ghana. Methods:Organophosphorus pesticide residues were determined by the use of a high resolution Varian CP-3800 Gas Chromatograph equipped with pulse flame photometric detector (PFPD) in 32 soils and 64 drinking water samples from 16 cocoa farms in the Dormaa West District of Ghana.Results: Four organophosphorus residues were detected in the soil and water samples at varying concentrations. The organophosphorus residues detected in soil samples were chlorpyrifos (0.01-0.04 mg/kg), profenofos (0.02-0.04 mg/kg) and pirimiphos-methyl (0.01-0.04 mg/kg) while the organophosphorus residues recorded in the water samples were chlorpyrifos (0.01-0.05 µg/L), diazinon (0.01-0.04 µg/L) and pirimiphos-methyl (0.01-0.03 µg/L). The concentrations of organophosphorus pesticide residues in the soil samples analysed from the various sites were generally below and within US MRLs for agricultural soils. However, mean concentrations of chlorpyrifos and pirimiphos-methyl recorded at Nkrankwanta (S1) were found to be above their respective US MRLs for agricultural soils. The trends of organophosphorus pesticide residues in the water samples analysed from the various distances to cocoa farms decreased with increase in distance to cocoa farm (ranking; 0-15 > 16-30 > above 30 m). All organophosphorus pesticide residues recorded in the water samples from the various sites within the various distances were below and within their respective WHO MRLs for drinking water except chlorpyrifos at Diabaa (S2) and Kwakuanya (S4) at distance 16-30 m and diazinon at Kwakuanya (S4) at a distance 0-15 m which exceeded their WHO MRLs. There were no significant (p > 0.05) sites differences in mean values of pesticide residues detected in soils and water samples. Conclusions:The presence of organophosphorus in the samples analysed was an indication of the use of the pesticides by cocoa farmers in the study area to control pest and diseases. The pesticide residues in the soil poses danger to soil organisms as well as contaminate surrounding water bodies through runoff and leaching. In addition, there is the likelihood of translocation of these residues from the soil into the cocoa beans and other crops (like vegetables that are commonly intercropped with cocoa) through the root system, thereby posing health risks to consumers. Chlorpyrifos and diazinon concentrations in drinking water exceeded their respective WHO MRLs at some sampled sites and may pose health hazard to farmers' household and the communities.

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Insecticide residues in the blood serum and domestic water source of cacao farmers in Southwestern Nigeria

Cited by 56 publications

References 12 publications

Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Dried Cocoa

Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Dried Cocoa

Multi-residue levels of organophosphorus pesticides in cocoa beans from some cocoa farms in Ekiti state, Nigeria

Organophosphorus pesticide residues in soils and drinking water sources from cocoa producing areas in Ghana

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