2017
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005799
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Insecticide resistance is mediated by multiple mechanisms in recently introduced Aedes aegypti from Madeira Island (Portugal)

Abstract: BackgroundAedes aegypti is a major mosquito vector of arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. In 2005, Ae. aegypti was identified for the first time in Madeira Island. Despite an initial insecticide-based vector control program, the species expanded throughout the Southern coast of the island, suggesting the presence of insecticide resistance. Here, we characterized the insecticide resistance status and the underlying mechanisms of two populations of Ae. aegypti from Madeira Island, Funchal and Pa… Show more

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Cited by 64 publications
(67 citation statements)
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“…Coupled with possible resistance observed recently in Spain and the high levels of resistance found in the only Western European Ae. aegypti population from the island of Madeira, the results should serve as a warning for Europe and encourage further efforts in monitoring this phenomenon and in standardizing protocols for IR detection and guidelines for IR management in temperate areas. Studies of this typology are in fact greatly needed to support local public health authorities in managing and planning effective control measures and to maintain effective insecticide‐based vector control options.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Coupled with possible resistance observed recently in Spain and the high levels of resistance found in the only Western European Ae. aegypti population from the island of Madeira, the results should serve as a warning for Europe and encourage further efforts in monitoring this phenomenon and in standardizing protocols for IR detection and guidelines for IR management in temperate areas. Studies of this typology are in fact greatly needed to support local public health authorities in managing and planning effective control measures and to maintain effective insecticide‐based vector control options.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The V410L, S989P, V1016G/I and F1534C mutations are common, but vary geographically in A. aegypti . V410L has been detected in the Americas, and V1016I has been detected only in the Americas, Europe and Africa . In contrast, S989P has been found only in Asia .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…V1016G mutations have been found in Asia and the Americas . F1534C is widely distributed in pyrethroid resistant A. aegypti globally . Nowadays, nearly every pyrethroid resistant A. aegypti population has alleles with the F1534C mutation, and in some resistant populations the F1534 allele is undetectable .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…15 The process of the occurrence of vector resistance to certain insecticides is influenced by multiple factors, namely genetic (presence of specific gene frequencies), operational (insecticide type and application) and biological (size and characteristics of vector populations). 16 The different of susceptibility status in these two regions due to operational factors, namely vector control through fogging from the program until now is still being used. Fogging is carried out when there is a DHF case report.…”
Section: Results Of Molecular Assays and Sequencing Analysismentioning
confidence: 99%