Insecticide resistance mechanisms in three sucking insect pests of tea with reference to North-East India: an appraisal

Saha, Dhiraj; Mukhopadhyay, Ananda

doi:10.1017/s1742758412000380

Cited by 34 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…Only a few hundred of the 5,500 identified thrips species are pests (Brunner et al 2002), and of these, only 14 are documented virus vectors (Riley et al 2011). Chilli thrips Scirtothrips dorsalis is both a virus vector (Chu et al 2001; Meena et al 2005; Gopal et al 2010) and a pest of many crops around the world including tea (Saha & Mukhopadhyay 2013), mango (Aliakbarpour & Md. Rawi 2012; Choi et al 2013), roses (Hegde et al 2011; Mannion et al 2013), and citrus (Gao et al 2012; Hyun et al 2012).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Bacterial Diversity inScirtothrips dorsalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) via Next Generation Sequencing

Dickey¹,

Trease²,

Jara-Cavieres³

et al. 2014

Florida Entomologist

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The last 2 decades have produced a better understanding of insect-microbial associations and yielded some important opportunities for insect control. However, most of our knowledge comes from model systems. Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) have been understudied despite their global importance as invasive species, plant pests and disease vectors. Using a culture and primer independent next-generation sequencing and metagenomics pipeline, we surveyed the bacteria of the globally important pest, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood. The most abundant bacterial phyla identified were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria and the most abundant genera were Propionibacterium, Stenotrophomonas, and Pseudomonas. A total of 189 genera of bacteria were identified. The absence of any vertically transferred symbiont taxa commonly found in insects is consistent with other studies suggesting that thrips primarilly acquire resident microbes from their environment. This does not preclude a possible beneficial/intimate association between S. dorsalis and the dominant taxa identified and future work should determine the nature of these associations.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating Bacterial Diversity inScirtothrips dorsalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) via Next Generation Sequencing

Dickey¹,

Trease²,

Jara-Cavieres³

et al. 2014

Florida Entomologist

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“…Although initially considered to be a minor or occasionally serious pest of tea, Empoasca flavescens has now been established as a regular and serious pest in tea plantations of sub-Himalayan North Bengal in India [20]. The leafhopper is also considered as a severe pest of castor, tea, okra, mulberry and many other crops [3,[20][21][22].…”

Section: The Life Cycle Of the Insectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Leafhopper (Empoasca flavescens): A Major Pest in Castor (Ricinus communis)

Xuegui¹

2018

GGS

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“…using different organosynthetic insecticides, whereas some organic plantations use plant-and animal-based herbal and microbial insecticides. In conventional tea plantations, organo-synthetic insecticides of different functional groups such as organochlorines, organophosphates, synthetic pyrethroids (SPs) and neonicotinoids (NNs) are regularly used throughout the year to control the invasion of different insect pest groups (sucking, folivores and others) [8]. The use of insecticide is cost-effective to planters and a major concern for the environmental degradation due to contamination as well as in resurgence of primary pests [6], outbreak of secondary pests [9], development of insecticide resistance [10,11], including undesirable residues in made tea [12].…”

Section: Insect Pests Of Tea and Management Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a number of insecticides have been found to be ineffective in controlling the insect and mite pests in different tea-growing regions of India [8]. The development of resistance to different classes of insecticides is one of the causes for persistence and resurgence of insect pests on tea crop [8,[19][20][21]. A major concern in managing the major insect pests of tea is its high potential to develop resistance rapidly to regularly used insecticides [11].…”

Section: Insect Pests Of Tea and Management Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical Insecticide Resistance in Tea Pests

Saha¹

2016

Insecticides Resistance

Self Cite

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Polyphagous insect herbivores encounter numerous toxins (xenobiotics) as they pass through their life cycle; some toxins are produced naturally by the host plants (allelochemicals) and others by humans (insecticides) to manage these insects having pest status. The host plants have evolved defensive mechanisms for protection from herbivory, including chemical repellents and toxins (secondary metabolites). Many classes of insect repellents and toxic substances, such as isoflavonoids, furanocoumarins, terpenoids, alkaloids and cyanogenic glycosides are synthesized in plants. The biosynthetic pathways leading to these allelochemicals are continually evolving to generate new secondary metabolites. Similarly, to control the herbivorous insect pests, numerous chemicals of synthetic origin are used continuously against them. In response, the attacking organisms also evolve mechanisms that enable them to resist the defensive chemicals of their hosts and those toxins of synthetic origin applied for their control. A variety of defence mechanisms, including enzymatic detoxification systems, physiological tolerance and behavioural avoidance, protect insect herbivores from these xenobiotic compounds. Insect pests have evolved the mechanisms to degrade metabolically (enzymatically) or otherwise circumvent the toxic effect of many types of chemicals that we have synthesized as modern insecticides. The extent to which insects can metabolize and thereby degrade these antibiotics or toxins is of considerable importance for their survival in hostile chemical environment. These mechanisms continue to evolve as insects attempt to colonize new plant species or encounter newer molecules of synthetic insecticides. Generally, three main enzymes, general esterases (GEs), glutathione Stransferases (GSTs) and cytochrome P450-mediated monooxygenases (CYPs), are involved in the process of metabolic detoxification of insecticides. During the past 70 years, following the discovery and extensive use of synthetic insecticides, resistance of insects to insecticides has registered the greatest increase and strongest impact. The evolution of resistance to insecticides is an example of evolutionary process. An insecticide is the selection pressure, which results in a very strong but differential fitness of the individual in a population having susceptible and resistant genotypes. The survival and subsequent reproduction of resistant individuals lead to a change in the frequency of alleles conferring resistance in the population over

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Insecticide resistance mechanisms in three sucking insect pests of tea with reference to North-East India: an appraisal

Cited by 34 publications

References 107 publications

Estimating Bacterial Diversity inScirtothrips dorsalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) via Next Generation Sequencing

Estimating Bacterial Diversity inScirtothrips dorsalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) via Next Generation Sequencing

Review of Leafhopper (Empoasca flavescens): A Major Pest in Castor (Ricinus communis)

Biochemical Insecticide Resistance in Tea Pests

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