Insecticides and Arable Weeds: Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth

Hanley, Michael E.; Whiting, Matthew

doi:10.1007/s10646-004-1353-6

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Kobayashi (2004) suggested that it is due to the physiological and biochemical characteristics of each species. The different responses to the same allelopathic extract can also be due to the seed structure (Hodgson & Mackey 1986) and seed coat penetrability (Hanley & Whiting 2005). Haq et al (2010) suggested that a mixture of a variety of compounds in the extract may act in an antagonistic or synergistic ways in different plant species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic effect of methanol extracts fromTinospora tuberculataon selected crops and rice weeds

Aslani

Juraimi

Ahmad-Hamdani

et al. 2014

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Sc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Herbicidal potential of aerial parts of Tinospora tuberculata on germination and seedling growth of seven test plant species, namely rice (Oryza sativa L.); two rice weeds, barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L.) and weedy rice (O. sativa f. spontanea); and four vegetable crops, lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), carrot (Daucus carota L.), and cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) were evaluated. Six concentrations of methanol extract (3.12, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, and 100 g L −1 ) were compared with the control (distilled water). The rate of seed germination and the radicle and hypocotyl length of 7-day-old test plant seedlings were reduced as the concentration of extracts increased compared to the control. Generally, the degree of toxicity of extracts derived from the leaves was more than the extracts derived from the stem. Cluster analysis and the concentrations required for 50% inhibition (defined as EC 50 ) of all parameters showed that radicle growth was more suppressed than germination and hypocotyl growth. Lettuce and carrot were observed as the most sensitive plants while rice showed the highest tolerance to both extracts. Moreover, the dicot target plants were affected more severely than the monocots when treated with leaf extract. The chemical composition of the T. tuberculata methanolic extracts was analyzed by a GC-MS system. A total of 92 and 22 constituents (not previously identified) were found in the leaves and stem, respectively. The results showed that 17 of the 92 components in the leaves, as compared to 4 of 22 compounds in the stem, are known as toxic compounds. These results suggest that T. tuberculata contains a significant source of plant growth inhibitors with potential for the development of future natural herbicide.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic effect of methanol extracts fromTinospora tuberculataon selected crops and rice weeds

Aslani

Juraimi

Ahmad-Hamdani

et al. 2014

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B — Soil & Plant Sc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1 and 2). Th e infl uence of the extracts on germination depends on the size and permeability of the seed coat (Hanley & Whiting 2005). Th e species-dependent response to the allelochemicals shows that they are fundamental not only in natural environments, where they infl uence fl oristic composition, but also in agriculture, where they can be used as selective herbicides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interspecific variation in the allelopathic potential of the family Myrtaceae

2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Allelopathy is a type of biotic interference wherein a plant releases bioactive metabolites into an environment, thereby aff ecting the adjacent biota. Stressful environments stimulate the production of these metabolites. Th e present study tests the novel weapons hypothesis, which postulates that species belonging to the same genus and from the same environment have similar allelopathic eff ects. Th e aim of this study was to assess the allelopathic eff ects that the aqueous leaf extracts of 15 species belonging to fi ve genera of the Myrtaceae family have on the seed germination and initial seedling growth of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) and onion (Allium cepa L.). Germination rates, average germination times, informational entropy of germination and allelopathic eff ects, as quantifi ed with a response index, were calculated. A taxonomic distance matrix based on Gower dissimilarity and a Euclidean distance matrix were constructed. Th e results revealed that all extracts from donor species signifi cantly increased average germination time or reduced the germination rate of eudicotyledonous plant species. Th e only extracts that showed no eff ect on monocotyledonous seeds were those of Campomanesia pubescens O. Berg and Psidium cinereum Mart. We conclude that eudicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants were both signifi cantly aff ected by the presence of all extracts tested. Our results make it clear that each species behaves distinctly in relation to allelopathic activity, with no apparent grouping by genus or subtribe. Th erefore, the hypothesis was rejected, because plants from the same environment and with taxonomic proximity do not necessarily display similar production of secondary metabolites.

show abstract

“…1). The different germination reaction may be related to seed size and seed structure (Hodgson and Mackey 1986) as well as differences in seed coat penetrability (Hanley and Whiting 2005). In addition to germination, both weed species also differed in their growth response to P. harmala aqueous extracts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic activity of different plant parts of Peganum harmala L. and identification of their growth inhibitors substances

et al. 2009

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was conducted to evaluate the inhibitory potential of P. harmala leaf, stem and root extract on germination and growth of Avena fatua L. and Convolvulus arvensis L., as well as identification of the phytotoxic substances responsible for this activity. According to our results, the degree of toxicity of different P. harmala plant parts can be arranged in the following order: leaves [ stems [ roots. The two test species differed in their sensitivity to P. harmala extracts. Inhibitory effect on shoot length and seedling dry weight was more pronounced in C. arvensis, whereas higher reduction in germination, root length and total chlorophyll content occurred in A. fatua. A significant amount of water-soluble phenolic acids were found in P. harmala plant extracts. Total phenolic acids content was higher in leaf extracts when compared to that of stem or root extracts. Seven phenolic acids including gallic acid, vanillic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid and ferulic acid were found in P. harmala leaf extracts. On the other hand, we identified four phenolic acids from stem (galllic acid, vanillic acid, 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid and caffeic acid) and root (galllic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, syringic acid and cinnamic acid) extracts. The greater number of growth inhibitors detected in the leaves might explain the stronger inhibitory activity. Overall, our results suggest that P. harmala might be used as a natural herbicide for weed control and consequently reduce dependence on synthetic herbicides.

show abstract

Insecticides and Arable Weeds: Effects on Germination and Seedling Growth

Cited by 25 publications

References 31 publications

Allelopathic effect of methanol extracts fromTinospora tuberculataon selected crops and rice weeds

Allelopathic effect of methanol extracts fromTinospora tuberculataon selected crops and rice weeds

Interspecific variation in the allelopathic potential of the family Myrtaceae

Allelopathic activity of different plant parts of Peganum harmala L. and identification of their growth inhibitors substances

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About