Insertion element IS986 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a useful tool for diagnosis and epidemiology of tuberculosis

Hermans, P; Soolingen, Dick van; Dale, Jeremy W.; Schuitema, A. J.; McAdam, Ruth A.; Catty, D.; Embden, J. D. A. Van

doi:10.1128/jcm.28.9.2051-2058.1990

Cited by 349 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The clinical isolates of M. tuberculosis studied with these probes displayed a high degree of polymorphism and the long term stability of RFLP has been demonstrated. Indeed, IS6110 RFLP analysis of strains isolated from patients at two-and threeyear intervals showed identical patterns [8] whereas studies performed with the IS986 probe that differs from IS6110 by 3 nucleotides have shown the genetic stability of IS986 after guinea pig passage of the strains [9] or during multiple in vitro passages [7]. Our study confirms the high degree of polymorphism using the IS6110 be-295 tween unrelated clinical strains and the identity of the RFLP banding patterns among related clinical strains.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…It has been shown that transposition of these IS elements was a rare event in the M. tuberculosis complex strains grown either in vitro or in vivo for long periods of time. Indeed, strains from three patients who developed tuberculosis showed identical patterns in RFLP analysis at two-or three-year intervals in a study using IS6110 as the epidemiological marker [8] and no change of fingerprintings using the IS986 element was observed during in vitro [7] or in vivo [9] passages of M. tuberculosis in experimental animals. In more recent studies, DNA fingerprinting with IS6110 as the probe was used to determine whether a subject who died of tuberculous meningitis had been infected by a neighbour [10], and also to investigate a tuberculosis outbreak in a residencial facility for HIV-infected patients [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Use of the insertion element IS6110 for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates presenting various profiles of drug susceptibility

Thierry

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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IS6100 is an insertion sequence of the IS3 family and it is present in multiple copies in the chromosome of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Four to 15 copies are present in various strains of M. tuberculosis. In this study, the value of IS6110 as an epidemiological marker of tuberculosis was examined. Unrelated clinical strains from Greek patients presented, in restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, a high degree of polymorphism, whereas patterns of related clinical strains from familial outbreaks were identical. Since RFLP analysis with acetylaminofluorene labeled IS6110 as the probe gave satisfactory results, it is suggested that this non-radioactive probe can be used in hospitals and health centres for the epidemiological survey of M. tuberculosis infections.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Use of the insertion element IS6110 for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates presenting various profiles of drug susceptibility

Thierry

1993

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology

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“…The standard genotyping method, IS6110 RFLP typing [4] is based on a small DNA sequence that is capable of creating copies of itself within the genome [20,21]. IS6110 RFLP typing cleaves the M. tuberculosis genome and identifies the number of copies of IS6110 within the genome and the size of the genomic DNA fragments they are on, creating a pattern that looks similar to a bar code.…”

Section: Molecular Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bayesian modelling of tuberculosis clustering from DNA fingerprint data

Scott

Joseph

Bélisle

et al. 2007

Statistics in Medicine

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A combination of continuous and categorical tests, none of which is a gold standard, is often available for classification of subject status in epidemiologic studies. For example, tuberculosis (TB) molecular epidemiology uses select mycobacterial DNA sequences to provide clues about which cases of active TB are likely clustered, implying recent transmission between these cases, versus reactivation of previously acquired infection. The proportion of recently transmitted cases is important to public health, as different control methods are implemented as transmission rates increase. Standard typing methods include IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110 RFLP), but recently developed polymerase chain reaction based genotyping modalities, including mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable-number tandem repeat and spoligotyping provide quicker results. In addition, it has recently been suggested that results from IS6110 RFLP can be used to create a continuous measure of genetic relatedness, called the nearest genetic distance. Whichever method is used, estimation of cluster rates is rendered difficult by the lack of a gold standard method for classifying cases as clustered or not. Since many of these methods are relatively new, their properties have not been extensively investigated. Misclassification errors subsequently lead to sub-optimal estimation of risk factors for clustering. Here we show how Bayesian latent class models can be used in such situations, for example to simultaneously analyse Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA data from all three of the above methods. Using the data collected at the Public Health Unit in Montreal, we estimate the proportion of clustered cases and the operating characteristics of each method using information from all three methods combined, including both continuous and dichotomous measures from IS6110 RFLP. A misclassification-adjusted regression model provides estimates of the effects of risk factors on the clustering probabilities. We also discuss how one must carefully interpret any inferences that arise from a combination of continuous and dichotomous tests.

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“…Other techniques suffer from problems of reproducibility and low numbers of different types (18,24). Since the discovery of polymorphic DNA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, strain differentiation has become an important tool in the epidemiology of tuberculosis (39 digoxigenin labeling of a 245-bp fragment obtained through amplification by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (17). Briefly, the oligonucleotides INS-1 (5'-CGTGAGGGCATCGAGGTGGC) and INS-2 (5'-GCG-TAGGCGTCGGTGACAAA) were used to amplify a 245-bp fragment from purified chromosomal M. bovis BCG DNA by PCR using a DNA thermal cycler (Perkin Elmer Cetus).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies of Polymorphic DNA Fingerprinting and Lipid Pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Patient Isolates in Japan

Chaicumpar

Fujiwara

Nishimura

et al. 1997

Microbiology and Immunology

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Strain differentiation by DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) has been used mainly for the epidemiological purpose of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. In this study, we tried to connect the molecular and phenotypic characteristics of M. tuberculosis patient isolates by comparing the DNA fingerprints obtained by RFLP using IS6110 and lipid patterns using two‐dimensional thin‐layer chromatography (2‐D TLC) with silica gel, since M. tuberculosis has a lipid‐rich cell envelope which contributes to the virulence and immunomodulatory properties. We found that 66 isolates of M. tuberculosis from tuberculosis patients showed that the occurrence of IS6110 varied from 1 to 24 copies. The IS6110 patterns were highly variable among isolates. Fifty different RFLP patterns were observed, and 12 RFLP patterns were shared by two or more strains. By computerized analysis of the RFLP patterns of M. tuberculosis patient isolates, we found that 95% of the isolates fell into seven clusters, from A to G, with at least two isolates in each (> 30% similarity). Among the cellular lipids, the phospholipid composition did not differ by strain, whereas the glycolipid pattern differed markedly. Especially, the relative concentration of cord factor and sulfolipid, both of which were known as virulent factors, varied by strain. The fingerprints of some strains showed an association between the DNA and glycolipid patterns, even though some of the same DNA fingerprint strains showed differences in lipid patterns. Among the patient isolates, M. tuberculosis strain 249 possessed a specific glycolipid with 2‐O‐methyl‐L‐rhamnose and L‐rhamnose, which is rarely found in other strains. This glycolipid showed serological activity against the sera of tuberculosis patients, even if the reactivity was not as strong as trehalose dimycolate. It also showed the inhibition of phagosome‐lysosome fusion in macrophages, suggesting involvement with virulence. These results suggest that RFLP analysis using IS6110 is useful for clustering the human isolates of M. tuberculosis, however, for further strain differentiation on virulence, a lipid analysis provides more information.

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Insertion element IS986 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a useful tool for diagnosis and epidemiology of tuberculosis

Cited by 349 publications

References 20 publications

Use of the insertion element IS6110 for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates presenting various profiles of drug susceptibility

Use of the insertion element IS6110 for DNA fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates presenting various profiles of drug susceptibility

Bayesian modelling of tuberculosis clustering from DNA fingerprint data

Studies of Polymorphic DNA Fingerprinting and Lipid Pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Patient Isolates in Japan

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