Insertion Loss and Phase Compensation Using a Circular Slot Via-Hole in a Compact 5G Millimeter Wave (mmWave) Butler Matrix at 28 GHz

Jizat, Noorlindawaty Md.; Yusoff, Zubaida; Marzuki, Azah Syafiah Mohd; Zainudin, Norsiha; Yamada, Yoshıhıde

doi:10.3390/s22051850

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The hybrids are arranged overlapping between each substrate layer to provide a compact size of BM structure with the overall dimension of 16.47 mm × 7.6 mm. In comparison to [15], the…”

Section: Butler Matrix With Via-holementioning

confidence: 89%

Multibeam Array Antenna with Compact Size Butler Matrix for Millimeter-Wave Application

Md Jizat,

Yamada,

Yusoff

2023

IJIE

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New radio wave technologies of millimeter-wave (mmWave), compact cell size, and multi beam base station are introduced with the recent development of the 5G mobile system. The Butler Matrix (BM) feed circuit is the most preferable candidate for the 5G mobile system since it can achieve multi beam radiationpatterns at the array antenna, provide structural compactness and produce good multi beams.The BM circuit is typically built on a single dielectric substrate. However, in this single-substrate structure, the micro strip line connecting several circuit elements in the BM spans over a large area, resulting in significant feeding loss in the millimeter frequency band.In this study, a compact size circuit configuration of BM is proposed, where the original single-substrate structure is modified into a two-substrate stacking structure. The via-hole is designed to connect the two substrates with minimal path loss. The BM is built for the 28 GHz band with four inputs and four outputs.The phase delay is optimized using via-hole to produce the phase difference of ±45º and ±135º. The coupling for the hybrid is -3 dB, while the transmission coefficient of -6 ± 3 is achieved from the BM structure and, the return loss (Sii) for both input and output ports are less than -10 dB. The two-substrate BM is combined with the rectangular patch antenna and the via-hole patch antenna in a planar configuration of 0.5 λ0spacing to obtain the radiation patterns. When the Port 1 through Port 4 of the BM are fed, four beams are created, with peak gains of 11.2 dBi, 9.87 dBi, 10.2 dBi, and 11.7 dBi, respectively, towards +16°, -35°, +39°, and -12°. The analysis includes the radiation performance from the ideal value and from the BM input. Three-dimensional representations of good multibeam radiation patterns are obtained after each input signal of the BM is fed

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“…The hybrids are arranged overlapping between each substrate layer to provide a compact size of BM structure with the overall dimension of 16.47 mm × 7.6 mm. In comparison to [15], the…”

Section: Butler Matrix With Via-holementioning

confidence: 89%

Multibeam Array Antenna with Compact Size Butler Matrix for Millimeter-Wave Application

Md Jizat,

Yamada,

Yusoff

2023

IJIE

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“…0 • and 180 • ). However, this is not the case for the multi-beam antennas based on Butler matrix where the phase shifts of all antenna elements are fixed simultaneously with a beam switched by selecting the corresponding feeding port [20]- [22]. There are also other ways to generate multiple beams for beam-steering antenna systems, e.g.…”

Section: − → ωmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Fast Multibeam Measurement Method for Millimeter-Wave Phased Arrays

Gao

Zhang

Pedersen

et al. 2022

Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett.

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Accurate knowledge of multi-beam radiation patterns of millimeter-wave (mmWave) phased arrays is key to mmWave radio system performance. The multi-beam radiation patterns can be measured by conventional antenna test ranges in a sequential manner. However, these tasks can be time-consuming and low-efficient in practice, especially for large-scale arrays with many beam-steering states. To address this problem, this article proposes a multi-beam reconstruction method, which can measure all possible steered beams in a fast and efficient manner. In the proposed method, multiple beam patterns are reconstructed synchronously by a fast element pattern retrieving method based on a few sparse measurement samples, which were obtained in a multi-probe setup or with the help of a turntable in a single probe setup. The proposed method is experimentally validated in a compact antenna testing range (CATR) setup at 28 GHz for a 4 × 4 mmWave phased array with an integrated antenna-in-package (AiP) design. The experimental results show that the reconstructed array multi-beam patterns by the proposed method are comparable to the conventional CATR measurement results but in a faster way, which validates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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“…Furthermore, Butler Matrix is a feeding line for the antenna, which generates many beam directions [9], where the main component in the structure is a 3dB coupler. This feeding line circuit is very familiar and is often used as a beamforming technique for 5G antenna applications [10][11][12][13][14][15]. Some research about BFM, such as in [10], has been studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Design of 4×4 Butler Matrix with Four Linear Array Antenna at 38 GHz

Rahayu

Simanihuruk²,

Wahyu³

2022

IJEEPSE

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This paper creates a compact design of a 4×4 butler matrix integrated with an array of antenna elements at 38 GHz frequency. The antenna simulation performance is acceptable, approaching the ideal one. The butler matrix can generate four beams through the output port directly. Each input port 1, 2, 3, and 4 has beam direction, which is 42°, -19°, 19°, and -42°, respectively. The phase difference between output ports of the butler matrix is approaching 45° and 135°. Besides, antenna patch simulation has a good performance. The results are still acceptable after combining the butler matrix and four linear array antenna.

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Insertion Loss and Phase Compensation Using a Circular Slot Via-Hole in a Compact 5G Millimeter Wave (mmWave) Butler Matrix at 28 GHz

Cited by 6 publications

References 32 publications

Multibeam Array Antenna with Compact Size Butler Matrix for Millimeter-Wave Application

Multibeam Array Antenna with Compact Size Butler Matrix for Millimeter-Wave Application

A Fast Multibeam Measurement Method for Millimeter-Wave Phased Arrays

A Compact Design of 4×4 Butler Matrix with Four Linear Array Antenna at 38 GHz

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