Insertion loss of a multi-plane light conversion device with few mode fiber outputs under atmospheric conditions

Tedder, Sarah A.; Vyhnalek, Brian E.; Chahine, Yousef K.; Floyd, Bertram

doi:10.1117/12.2607306

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Previously we have separately measured losses associated with the individual receiver subsystem components, in particular the total coupling loss of the photonic lantern and FMF using emulated atmospheric turbulence, [6][7][8] as well as SNSPD detection efficiency and flux-dependent blocking losses. 11,12,16 An additional important consideration is the loss due to the potentially non-uniform intensity distribution across the detectors under different turbulence conditions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, for efficient coupling through turbulence a large number of modes is desired, which would in turn require many SMF outputs and hence SNSPDs. Our solution, previously described [6][7][8] has been to develop a photonic lantern based on FMF to reduce the number of detectors. To this end, we have fabricated a 1 × 7 photonic lantern with a multi-moded input core approximately 55 µm in diameter, seven 6-mode FMF outputs, with a taper length of 70 mm, for a total coupling of 42 input modes.…”

Section: Photonic Lantern To Individual Snspdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In light of this, we have investigated coupling losses into several different fiber interconnects, namely graded-index few-mode and multi-mode fibers, single-mode and few-mode photonic lanterns, and a few-mode multi-plane light conversion (MPLC) device with emulated atmospheric turbulence. [6][7][8] Here we again explore the effect of atmospheric turbulence on fiber interconnects, but now include measurements of the count rate distributions at the single photon level. However, we restrict the analysis to only the few-mode photonic lantern and single FMF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-detector subsystem loss comparison for a ground-based photon-counting optical receiver

Vyhnalek

Tedder

2023

Free-Space Laser Communications XXXV

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In this paper we present a comparative study of the losses associated with fiber-coupled single-photon detectors in two different configurations, each with the goal of receiving a pulsed-position modulated signal with a maximum data rate of 267 Mbps. First, we consider a 7x1 few-mode-fiber (FMF) photonic lantern coupled to seven individual superconducting nanowire single photon detectors (SNSPDs). In the second configuration we assess a single FMF coupled to a 16-channel monolithic SNSPD array. In each case we measure and compare combined fiber coupling, SNSPD blocking, and system efficiency losses under emulated atmospheric turbulence conditions. We address subsystem impact on link performance and analyze feasibility for future NASA lunar and deep-space optical communications missions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Photonic Lantern To Individual Snspdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fiber-detector subsystem loss comparison for a ground-based photon-counting optical receiver

Vyhnalek

Tedder

2023

Free-Space Laser Communications XXXV

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“…Due to the limited focal length and phase mask size used in the simulation, the phase mask of the Fresnel lens array is composed of 2 × 2 small phase masks of Fresnel lenses, whose expression Ψ is expressed in matrix form as shown in Equation (9).…”

Section: The Simulation Of Fresnel Lens Array-based Location Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…MPLC offers notable advantages, including compact size and high conversion accuracy, making it suitable for various research applications. It has found applications in diverse areas such as mode multiplexing and de-multiplexing [2][3][4][5], beam encryption [6], and laser communication [7][8][9]. And it will play an important role in the application of mechanical learning [10] and optical nanoprinting [11] in the future.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fresnel Lens Array-Based Phase Mask Location Method for Adjustable Multi-Pass Cavity

Wang,

Yu,

Yang

et al. 2023

Photonics

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The modulation accuracy of Multi-Plane Light Conversion (MPLC) mainly depends on the positioning accuracy of the phase mask on the Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). To improve positioning accuracy, the impact of phase mask shift on modulation accuracy is investigated, and a position method is proposed. In order to investigate the influence of phase mask offset on the input light conversion effect, a convolution transmission model for the adjustable multi-pass cavity is established. Then, the positioning process for the phase masks is analyzed and simulated, and a method of positioning the phase masks is presented. This method reduces the positioning time and increases the positioning accuracy to 8 μm. Finally, experiments are performed to verify the feasibility of the method. Experimental results show that the similarity of the adjustable multi-pass cavity positioned by this method can reach 93.44%.

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Coherent mode decomposition of Kolmogorov optical turbulence in a finite aperture

Chahine

2024

Laser Communication and Propagation Through the Atmosphere and Oceans XIII

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An analysis of the coherent mode decomposition of an optical field after propagation through atmospheric turbulence is presented. The coherent modes represent an ideal basis by which to decompose the field for design of mode-limited optical systems. Due to rotational symmetry of the Fredholm integral operator for Kolmogorov optical turbulence, the decomposition yields separable solutions classified by a radial and azimuthal mode index. The study of the coherent modes is then reduced to that of the radial functions determined by the coherence ratio D/r 0 and obscuration ratio ϵ. Analysis of the spectrum of eigenvalues yields sharp bounds on the efficiency of receivers using incoherent or coherent combining with mode-limited photonic devices in the presence of Kolmogorov turbulence. The effective number of modes needed to represent Kolmogorov optical turbulence is studied via the von Neumann entropy, purity, and largest eigenvalue, and the differences in the different definitions is discussed. The similarity of the coherent modes to linearly polarized (LP) fiber modes is quantified yielding a precise characterization of the maximum gain that can be achieved in mode-limited systems via mode shaping techniques. As a final application, a mode sorting technique is presented for optimally splitting power from atmospherically degraded light into a finite number of modes simultaneously maximizing total coupling efficiency and minimizing the difference in average power between channels.

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Insertion loss of a multi-plane light conversion device with few mode fiber outputs under atmospheric conditions

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Fiber-detector subsystem loss comparison for a ground-based photon-counting optical receiver

Fiber-detector subsystem loss comparison for a ground-based photon-counting optical receiver

Fresnel Lens Array-Based Phase Mask Location Method for Adjustable Multi-Pass Cavity

Coherent mode decomposition of Kolmogorov optical turbulence in a finite aperture

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