Inside out: Bone marrow adipose tissue as a source of circulating adiponectin

Scheller, Erica L.; Burr, Aaron A.; MacDougald, Ormond A.; Cawthorn, William P.

doi:10.1080/21623945.2016.1149269

Cited by 65 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 144 publications

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“…(3,72) Increased glucocorticoids, Pref-1, and MAT-derived adiponectin (28,73,74) as well as low IGF-1 and leptin (28,32,(75)(76)(77) have been associated with MAT in CR; however, causality has not been established for these factors in driving MAT nor in the skeletal deterioration of CR. (3,72) Increased glucocorticoids, Pref-1, and MAT-derived adiponectin (28,73,74) as well as low IGF-1 and leptin (28,32,(75)(76)(77) have been associated with MAT in CR; however, causality has not been established for these factors in driving MAT nor in the skeletal deterioration of CR.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanisms by which MAT accrues in the calorie-restricted state continue to be an area of active investigation. (3,72) Increased glucocorticoids, Pref-1, and MAT-derived adiponectin (28,73,74) as well as low IGF-1 and leptin (28,32,(75)(76)(77) have been associated with MAT in CR; however, causality has not been established for these factors in driving MAT nor in the skeletal deterioration of CR. Systemic sclerostin inhibition was shown to reduce marrow adipocytes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exercise Degrades Bone in Caloric Restriction, Despite Suppression of Marrow Adipose Tissue (MAT)

McGrath

Sankaran

Misaghian‐Xanthos

et al. 2019

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Marrow adipose tissue (MAT) and its relevance to skeletal health during caloric restriction (CR) is unknown: It remains unclear whether exercise, which is anabolic to bone in a calorie‐replete state, alters bone or MAT in CR. We hypothesized that response of bone and MAT to exercise in CR differs from the calorie‐replete state. Ten‐week‐old female B6 mice fed a regular diet (RD) or 30% CR diet were allocated to sedentary (RD, CR, n = 10/group) or running exercise (RD‐E, CR‐E, n = 7/group). After 6 weeks, CR mice weighed 20% less than RD, p < 0.001; exercise did not affect weight. Femoral bone volume (BV) via 3D MRI was 20% lower in CR versus RD (p < 0.0001). CR was associated with decreased bone by μCT: Tb.Th was 16% less in CR versus RD, p < 0.003, Ct.Th was 5% less, p < 0.07. In CR‐E, Tb.Th was 40% less than RD‐E, p < 0.0001. Exercise increased Tb.Th in RD (+23% RD‐E versus RD, p < 0.003) but failed to do so in CR. Cortical porosity increased after exercise in CR (+28%, p = 0.04), suggesting exercise during CR is deleterious to bone. In terms of bone fat, metaphyseal MAT/ BV rose 159% in CR versus RD, p = 0.003 via 3D MRI. Exercise decreased MAT/BV by 52% in RD, p < 0.05, and also suppressed MAT in CR (−121%, p = 0.047). Histomorphometric analysis of adipocyte area correlated with MAT by MRI (R2 = 0.6233, p < 0.0001). With respect to bone, TRAP and Sost mRNA were reduced in CR. Intriguingly, the repressed Sost in CR rose with exercise and may underlie the failure of CR‐bone quantity to increase in response to exercise. Notably, CD36, a marker of fatty acid uptake, rose 4088% in CR (p < 0.01 versus RD), suggesting that basal increases in MAT during calorie restriction serve to supply local energy needs and are depleted during exercise with a negative impact on bone. © 2019 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise Degrades Bone in Caloric Restriction, Despite Suppression of Marrow Adipose Tissue (MAT)

McGrath

Sankaran

Misaghian‐Xanthos

et al. 2019

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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“…Finally, elevated secretion of adiponectin is observed from BMAT, despite expression levels of adipoq being similar or lower in BMAT compared to WAT 45, 74 . With caloric restriction, circulating adiponectin increases, despite a loss of WAT, due to expansion of BMAT and the disproportionate contribution that elevated secretion makes 45, 47 . Thus, in this case it appears that BMAs may have a mechanism for expressing certain secreted proteins at high levels relative to white adipocytes, despite similar or even lower levels of mRNA.…”

Section: Elevated Secretion Of a Subset Of Adipokines By Bmatmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development, regulation, metabolism and function of bone marrow adipose tissues

Hardij

Bagchi

et al. 2018

Bone

Self Cite

123

128

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Most adipocytes exist in discrete depots throughout the body, notably in well-defined white and brown adipose tissues. However, adipocytes also reside within specialized niches, of which the most abundant is within bone marrow. Whereas bone marrow adipose tissue (BMAT) shares many properties in common with white adipose tissue, the distinct functions of BMAT are reflected by its development, regulation, protein secretion, and lipid composition. In addition to its potential role as a local energy reservoir, BMAT also secretes proteins, including adiponectin, RANK ligand, dipeptidyl peptidase-4, and stem cell factor, which contribute to local marrow niche functions and which may also influence global metabolism. The characteristics of BMAT are also distinct depending on whether marrow adipocytes are contained within yellow or red marrow, as these can be thought of as 'constitutive' and 'regulated', respectively. The rBMAT for instance can be expanded or depleted by myriad factors, including age, nutrition, endocrine status and pharmaceuticals. Herein we review the site specificity, age-related development, regulation and metabolic characteristics of BMAT under various metabolic conditions, including the functional interactions with bone and hematopoietic cells.

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“…In animal models, adiponectin has been shown to be secreted by MAT [59]. Although adiponectin does not appear to be a hormonal determinant of MAT in animal models but instead a secretory product of MAT, it may explain the paradox of elevated levels of adiponectin in individuals with low levels of SAT and VAT, such as those with AN [60]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The paradox of marrow adipose tissue in anorexia nervosa

Fazeli

Klibanski

2019

Bone

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Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychiatric disorder characterized by inappropriate nutrient intake resulting in low body weight. Multiple hormonal adaptations facilitate decreased energy expenditure in this state of caloric deprivation including non-thyroidal illness syndrome, growth hormone resistance, and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Although these hormonal adaptations confer a survival advantage during periods of negative energy balance, they contribute to the long-term medical complications associated with AN, the most common of which is significant bone loss and an increased risk of fracture. In recent years, marrow adipose tissue (MAT) has emerged as an important potential determinant of the low bone mass state characteristic of AN. Unlike subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue depots which are low in AN, MAT levels are paradoxically elevated and are inversely associated with BMD. In this review, we discuss what is known about MAT in AN and the proposed hormonal determinants of this adipose tissue depot.

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Inside out: Bone marrow adipose tissue as a source of circulating adiponectin

Cited by 65 publications

References 144 publications

Exercise Degrades Bone in Caloric Restriction, Despite Suppression of Marrow Adipose Tissue (MAT)

Exercise Degrades Bone in Caloric Restriction, Despite Suppression of Marrow Adipose Tissue (MAT)

Development, regulation, metabolism and function of bone marrow adipose tissues

The paradox of marrow adipose tissue in anorexia nervosa

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