Insight in Leptin Gene Polymorphism and Impact on Milk Traits in Autochtonous Busha Cattle

Abstract

Leptin, a biomolecule secreted by adipose tissue, enchances productivity in cattle, especially affecting milk traits. The aim of this study was to detect leptin gene polymorphism on exon 3 (A59V locus) and intron 2 (SAU3AI locus) in the endangered population of autochtonous Busha cattle and associations with milk traits. The study included 46 cows: 36 Busha and 10 half-bred. Milk analyses comprised determination of somatic cell counts, fat, protein, lactose, total solids and solids-not-fat (SNF) concentrations and freezing point depression (FPD). Polymorphisms were determined by PCR-RFLP technique. A single A59V genotype (CC) was affirmed, and two SAU3AI genotypes, AA and AB, with frequencies of 78.26% and 21.74%, respectively. Comparing the obtained results for chemical characteristics of milk between cows with AA and AB, no significant differences were found, except for SNF content and FPD values. Cows with AA genotype had significantly lower (p=0.021) average SNF content (8.74%) in milk compared to the average SNF content (9.28%) in those with genotype AB, while cows with genotype AA (−0.54°C) had significantly higher (p=0.004) average FPD values than those with AB genotype (−0.58°C). The absence of BB genotype and significant differences in the investigated functional traits between two SAU3AI genotypes and the absence of A59V polymorphism (presence of only CC genotype) show that the Busha cattle breed, although being an autochtonous low-producing native breed used for meat and milk production, harbours polymorphism on gentic markers characteristic of high production dairy cows.

The Relationship Between Leptin Gene Polymorphism and Milk Yield Traits in Simmental and Brown Swiss Cattle

“…Considering other similar studies, the allele frequencies reported in the studies by Pomp et al (1997), Rasor et al (2002), Javanmard et al (2004), Leifers et al (2002, Javanmard et al (2005), Javanmard et al (2010), Kulig et al (2010), Öztabak et al (2010), Aytekin, (2011), Al-Janabi et al (2018), Ferchichi et al (2018, Maletic et al (2019), Kiyici et al (2019;Fernandes et al (2020) were similar to the allele frequencies in our study. According to the Hardy-Weinberg genetic equilibrium test performed for both breeds, LEP/Sau3AI gene polymorphism was in equilibrium in the Brown Swiss breed (X 2 =2.44; P>0.05), while it was not in equilibrium in the Simmental breed (X 2 =4.67; P<0.05).…”

“…The study determined that cows with the BB genotype had a longer lactation period in both breeds, whereas the effect of the LEP/Sau3AI genotype on the lactation period was insignificant (P<0.05) in both breeds. Similar results for milk yield traits have been reported by Madeja et al (2004) in Polish Black and White bulls, by Gürses (2010) in Jersey, Brown Swiss, Holstein, Eastern Anatolian Red, and Native Black cattle, by Alashawkany et al (2008) in Holstein cattle, and by Maletic et al (2019) in Busha cattle. However, studies on Holstein cattle (Moussavi et al, 2006;Kiyici et al, 2019) found that the effect of the LEP/Sau3AI gene on 305-day milk yield was significant.…”

Evaluation of cows’ milk productivity by using genetic markers

“…В основному саме ці ознаки визначають успіх у нарощуванні молочної продуктивності, підвищенні якості продукції та збільшення тривалості господарського використання молочної худоби (Chernenko, 2010;Gibson & Dechow, 2018;Dahl, 2020). Для цього потрібне впровадження нових науково-обгрунтованих генетичних методів оцінки і відбору тварин, тому що підвищення генетичного потенціалу великої рогатої худоби значною мірою визначається наявністю інформації щодо генетичної природи ознак продуктивності (VanRaden & Sullivan, 2010;Safina, 2018;Sullivan, 2019;Maletić et al, 2019). А можливість цілеспрямованого створення високопродуктивних стад тварин залежить від наявності інформації про гени, що контролюють ці ознаки (Shaidullin & Ganiev, 2017;Patel & Chauhan, 2018;Sullivan, 2019).…”

Polymorphism of LEP and TNF-α Genes in the Dairy Cattle Populations of Ukrainian Selection

“…Similar gene frequencies were obtained by Liefers et al (2003) in Holstein-Friesian cattle, Clempson et al (2011) in Holstein cattle, Yazdani et al (2010) in Iranian cattle and Silva et al (2012) in Indian cattle. Abbas et al (2019) and Maletic et al (2019) also noted the predominance of the frequency of the C allele, up to a monomorphic state, in Pakistan and Balkan cattle. The observed pattern might be explained by the influence of the ongoing selection program in the direction of increasing milk production, as well as by the stochastic genetic factors (genetic drift).…”

“…Moreover, as well as commercial cattle breeds the studies also conducted for the local breeds and the buffalo. In the recent years, the studies have been carried out to explore the relationship between milk traits and leptin gene polymorphism in Autochthonous Busha Cattle (Maletic et al, 2019), Egyptian Buffalo (El-Debaky et al, 2020), etc.…”