Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus — An updated interim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV

Xie, Mingxing; Chen, Qiong

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.03.071

Cited by 413 publications

(458 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…For most patients, it appears that COVID-19 is a self-limiting viral infection. 6 Typically it presents with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) symptoms, or some other viral constellation. Patients are often febrile and feel washed-out, with symptoms not too dissimilar to those seen in flu.…”

Section: Early Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early intervention likely improves mortality in COVID-19 infection

et al. 2020

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While some risk factors have been identified, the reasons for the disparities in disease progression with COVID-19 are unclear, with some patients developing progressive and severe disease while in others the course is benign. Given this sense of randomness, and in the absence of a definitive treatment, medical professionals can feel helpless. It is useful to remember how much can be done to affect the trajectory of illness, even without a 'magic bullet'. With evidence emerging that late presentation is directly associated with increased mortality, we make the case for increased vigilance in the community and earlier intervention.

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Section: Early Interventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early intervention likely improves mortality in COVID-19 infection

et al. 2020

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“…In some case series, anti-IL6 therapy was successful in stabilizing the alveolar capillary membrane, reducing alveolar wall edema, and preventing/reversing ARDS [41][42][43][44], shortening the intensive care unit stay [45,46]. The currently available reagents that can neutralize IL-6 activity are the humanized monoclonal antibody (mAb) Tocilizumab, and the fully human mAb Sarilumab.…”

Section: Immunological Rationale For Targeting the Immune System To Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 Inflammatory Syndrome. Clinical Features and Rationale for Immunological Treatment

Prete

Favoino

Catacchio

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The current pandemic coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, is a global health emergency because of its highly contagious nature, the great number of patients requiring intensive care therapy, and the high fatality rate. In the absence of specific antiviral drugs, passive prophylaxis, or a vaccine, the treatment aim in these patients is to prevent the potent virus-induced inflammatory stimuli from leading to the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which has a severe prognosis. Here, the mechanism of action and the rationale for employing immunological strategies, which range from traditional chemically synthesized drugs, anti-cytokine antibodies, human immunoglobulin for intravenous use, to vaccines, are reviewed.

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“…Since December 2019, when first case of COVID-19 has been discovered in Wuhan, China 1 , more than 1,000,000 infections and over 50,000 deaths have been reported [2][3] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arbidol treatment with reduced mortality of adult patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

Liu

Fang

Tian

et al. 2020

Preprint

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We have assembled a cohort consisting 504 hospitalized COVID-19. Information of patients' characteristics and antiviral medication use during hospital stay is collected. The study objective is to evaluate the treatment efficacy of selected antiviral medications on mortality and lesion absorption based on chest CT scan. R E S U LT SThe overall mortality rate was 15.67% in the cohort. Older age, lower SpO2 level, bigger lesion, early admission data, and the presence of pre-existing conditions were associated with higher mortality. After adjusting for sex, pre-existing condition, age, SpO2, lesion size, admission data, hospital, and anti-viral medications use, Arbidol and Oseltamivir use is associated with a reduction in mortality. The OR is 0.183 (95% CI, 0.075 to 0.446; p<0.001) for Arbidol and 0.220 (95% CI, 0.069 to 0.707; p=0.011) for Oseltamivir. Compared with patients taking neither Arbidol nor Oseltamivir, the OR is 0.253 (95% CI, 0.064 to 1.001; p=0.050) for patients taking Oseltamivir only; 0.190 (95% CI, 0.076 to 0.473; p<0.001) for patients taking Arbidol only; and 0.030 (95% CI, 0.003 to 0.310; p=0.003) for patients taking both, after adjusting for patients' characteristics and Lopinavir/Ritonavir use. Similarly, Arbidol is also associated with faster lesion absorption after adjusting for patient's characteristics as well as Oseltamivir and Lopinavir/Ritonavir use.

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Insight into 2019 novel coronavirus — An updated interim review and lessons from SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV

Cited by 413 publications

References 45 publications

Early intervention likely improves mortality in COVID-19 infection

Early intervention likely improves mortality in COVID-19 infection

SARS-CoV-2 Inflammatory Syndrome. Clinical Features and Rationale for Immunological Treatment

Arbidol treatment with reduced mortality of adult patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

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